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\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-1418\li5387\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5387\itap0\pararsid277041 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 BETWEEN}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120  \tab THE KING }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \fi-1418\li5387\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5387\itap0\pararsid277041 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 Appellant
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-1418\li5387\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5387\itap0\pararsid277041 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-1418\li5387\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5387\itap0\pararsid277041 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 AND}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3220356\charrsid4337120 CLARKE-IN-CHARGE TOU}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120 

\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \fi-1418\li5387\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin5387\itap0\pararsid277041 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid9521809\charrsid1004746 Respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\ul\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qr \fi-1559\li4253\ri0\widctlpar\tx2160\tx4253\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4253\itap0\pararsid2957542 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \fi-1559\li4253\ri0\widctlpar\tx2160\tx4253\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin4253\itap0\pararsid2957542 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120 
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx6660\tqr\tx7200\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2957542 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx1843\tx2880\tqr\tx7200\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2957542 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2957542\charrsid2778493 Co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid9521809\charrsid2778493 ram}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid2778493 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cf20\insrsid9521809\charrsid2778493 White P, Fisher JA, Asher JA
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\widctlpar\tx1843\tx2880\tqr\tx7200\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2957542 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2957542\charrsid2778493 Hearing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2957542\charrsid2778493 : \tab 31 October 2022
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx1843\tx2880\tqr\tx7200\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2957542 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid2778493 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2957542\charrsid2778493 Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid2778493 :\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4939184\charrsid2778493 J Crawford and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs20\f46\insrsid9962034 L William}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs20\f46\insrsid2957542\charrsid2778493  for the Crown}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid2778493 
\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12087717 N George}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid2778493  for the respondent
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2957542\charrsid2778493 Judgment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid2778493 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16193630 
24}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2778493  Novem}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120 ber 2022
\par 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw15\brsp20 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2957542 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\fs16\insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120 
_________________________________________________________________________________________________\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-_______________
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw15\brsp20 \wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2957542 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2957542 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2957542\charrsid4337120 
\par {\upr{\*\bkmkstart _Toc413071734}{\*\ud\uc0{\*\bkmkstart _Toc413071734}}}{\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 A.\tab}
}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \fi-567\li2268\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin2268\itap0\pararsid277041\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 The appeal against sentence is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3220356\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4939184\charrsid1004746 dismissed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\ql \fi-567\li2268\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin2268\itap0\pararsid277041 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 
\ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 B.\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\ql \fi-567\li2268\ri0\sl720\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin2268\itap0\pararsid277041\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3220356\charrsid1004746 sentence of nine years imprisonment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4939184\charrsid1004746 in total }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3220356\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4939184\charrsid1004746 confirmed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1004746\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\ql \li0\ri0\sb600\keep\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid277041 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f43\fs28\cf19\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 Introduction{\upr{\*\bkmkend _Toc413071734}{\*\ud\uc0{\*\bkmkend _Toc413071734}}}
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [1]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 respondent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3220356\charrsid1004746 was found guilty }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 
by a jury }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3220356\charrsid1004746 on eight counts of sexual offending against his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 under-age }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3220356\charrsid1004746 niece.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3220356\charrsid1004746  He was convicted on two charges of rape, thre
e of indecent assault on a girl between 12 and 16 years and three of performing an indecent act on a girl between 12 and 16 years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3220356\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 He was sentenced }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3220356\charrsid1004746 to a total of nine years\rquote  imprisonment. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3220356\charrsid1004746 The Crown }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 appeals }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3220356\charrsid1004746 against th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3220356\charrsid1004746  sentence. 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb480\keep\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f43\fs28\cf19\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 {\upr{\*\bkmkstart _Hlk117852549}{\*\ud\uc0{\*\bkmkstart _Hlk117852549}}}Factual}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf0\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 background}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\cf0\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4939184\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [2]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4939184\charrsid1004746 The respondent did not give evidence at the trial. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4939184\charrsid1004746 His counsel }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1800426\charrsid1004746 challenged the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13916413\charrsid1004746 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1800426\charrsid1004746 \rquote s version of events}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4939184\charrsid1004746  in cross-examination}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1800426\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1800426\charrsid1004746 
By their verdicts the jury must be taken to have accepted her version. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1800426\charrsid1004746 It is no longer open to the respondent to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13916413\charrsid1004746 challenge her version in this Court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1800426\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [3]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4939184\charrsid1004746 lived in New Zealand until }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746 moving }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10306726\charrsid1004746 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6648509\charrsid1004746 the remote island of Manihiki}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10306726\charrsid1004746  at the age of 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746  years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10306726\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746 In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 January 2021}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2778493\charrsid1004746 , when she was still 14,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6648509\charrsid1004746 she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 moved to Rarotonga }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3674087\charrsid1004746 to}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 attend secondary school}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10306726\charrsid1004746  there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6648509\charrsid1004746 Her family put her in the care of her Aunt and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3674087\charrsid1004746 Uncle, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6648509\charrsid1004746 respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid540430\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 They undertook to look after her. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10306726\charrsid1004746 She knew few people in Rarotonga.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid540430\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid6648509\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [4]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6648509\charrsid1004746 The}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746  household was spread between }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6648509\charrsid1004746 two adjacent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16219946\charrsid1004746 buildings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6648509\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid540430\charrsid1004746 The Aunt and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 the respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid540430\charrsid1004746  slept in one}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid540430\charrsid1004746  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid540430\charrsid1004746  and an older woman slept in the other. }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid540430\charrsid1004746 All four appear to have had access to both}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1800426\charrsid1004746  buildings}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid540430\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid540430\charrsid1004746 The respondent took the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid540430\charrsid1004746  to school each day in his truck. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid6648509\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid540430\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [5]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid540430\charrsid1004746 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid540430\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1858895\charrsid1004746 was still aged 14 years during her first two weeks }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2778493\charrsid1004746 in Rarotonga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13860698\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13860698\charrsid1004746 During }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 first week}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1858895\charrsid1004746 t}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2778493\charrsid1004746 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  came into her bedroom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1858895\charrsid1004746  while she was asleep}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3674087\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 He }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 touched her waist and tried to pull her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7033655\charrsid1004746 shorts}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  down}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 , saying that he wanted to \'93hold it\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 She }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 cried}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7033655\charrsid1004746 , held onto her shorts,}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 said }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1858895\charrsid1004746 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 
no}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1858895\charrsid1004746 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 
He left but returned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 later }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 on the same }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 night}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2954165\charrsid1004746 This time }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746  touched her waist and leg}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746  again tried }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 pull her pants down}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746  saying}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 
 he wanted to \'93hold it\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 He left when she resisted. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 From that time the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 
 began locking her door at night. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10306726\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [6]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10306726\charrsid1004746 
The Aunt was at work on most days. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10306726\charrsid1004746 
The victim gave evidence that during those days the respondent tended to come up behind her and touch her buttocks while she was washing dishes. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10306726\charrsid1004746 She said it happened a lot during day}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10306726\charrsid1004746  and that it made her annoyed and disgusted. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2778493\charrsid1004746 There was no evidence to the contrary. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 
The precise periods involved were not explored further, presumably because no separate charges }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 had been}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746  laid on that account. }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10306726\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [7]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746 On}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746  a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746  night in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 April 2021 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 
victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  forgot to lock her door. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  came\line into her bedroom, pulled off her pants, spread and pinned her legs down}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15293230\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 engaged in oral sex. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 He kissed her breasts and had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 penetrative }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 
sexual intercourse.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 He left the room}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746  but returned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1858895\charrsid1004746 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  repeat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 ed}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  the oral and sexual}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 intercourse. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [8]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 On the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 following day, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 respondent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 dr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15620381\charrsid1004746 ove}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 
 to their family}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 business. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  touched the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 
victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 's thigh and asked her to go into the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 
shop with him, alone.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 He }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12857839\charrsid1004746 said he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12857839\charrsid1004746 wanted to put it in again}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 \'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12857839\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 When s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 refused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  they returned home.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [9]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 On an afternoon two }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 days later, the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  was at home in her bedroom watching television}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12857839\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 The}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12857839\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  came into the bedroom and told her to lie down}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 She }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 refused}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9463869\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 He }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 tried to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 remove }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 her top}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 , kissed her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 massaged }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 
her shoulders.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 When the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  left }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12857839\charrsid1004746 the room for a few minutes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746  the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  locked the bedroom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 door}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746  behind him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 She}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  refused to open it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746 again}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 He went to the side window }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 where he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15620381\charrsid1004746 poked her with a stick,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1800426\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 called }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 her name and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 told }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 
her to open the door. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 When she ignored him he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1800426\charrsid1004746 eventually }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 left}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [10]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2954165\charrsid1004746 told }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 her }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10771723\charrsid1004746 school }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 friends }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2954165\charrsid1004746 about the offending}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2643496\charrsid1004746 Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6898934\charrsid1004746 ey }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 reported }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6898934\charrsid1004746 it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6898934\charrsid1004746 authorities}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10771723\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3674087\charrsid1004746 The respondent was arrested. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3674087\charrsid1004746 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6898934\charrsid1004746 move}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3674087\charrsid1004746 d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6898934\charrsid1004746  to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 a school friend}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3674087\charrsid1004746 \rquote s house where she has remained ever since}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb480\keep\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f43\fs28\cf19\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid6898934\charrsid1004746 Effect on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 victim}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid6898934\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid6898934\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [11]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6898934\charrsid1004746 The victim impact report }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 showed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10564151\charrsid1004746 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1864224\charrsid1004746 consequences familiar }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 in cases of this kind. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6898934\charrsid1004746 
Despite counselling}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1864224\charrsid1004746 , the victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2954165\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10564151\charrsid1004746 remain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14223514\charrsid1004746 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10564151\charrsid1004746  fearful for her safety}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11291134\charrsid1004746 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3674087\charrsid1004746  was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11291134\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6898934\charrsid1004746 unable to concentrate on school work}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2954165\charrsid1004746 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3674087\charrsid1004746 felt }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2954165\charrsid1004746 unsafe with older men}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1864224\charrsid1004746 ,}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11291134\charrsid1004746  and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 contemplated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6898934\charrsid1004746 suicide. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15891973\charrsid1004746 probation officer considered that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1864224\charrsid1004746 
respondent\rquote s actions have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15891973\charrsid1004746 left }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15891973\charrsid1004746 
 traumatised for the rest of her life.
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb480\keep\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f43\fs28\cf19\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 The sentencing
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10771723\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [12]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10771723\charrsid1004746 In sentencing the respondent the Chief Justice accepted that the four rape bands established in New Zealand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid10771723\charrsid1004746 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid10771723 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10771723  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid7949540\charrsid7949540 R v AM }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid7949540\charrsid7949540 [2010] NZCA 114}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid1004746 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10771723\charrsid1004746  should be }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746 adopted after }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1864224\charrsid1004746 reductions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746 for the Cook Islands}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1864224\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1864224\charrsid1004746 Reductions are needed given the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746 maximum sentence of 14 years\rquote  imprisonment for rape }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1864224\charrsid1004746 in the Cook Islands }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746 
compared with 20 in New Zealand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746 Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1864224\charrsid1004746 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746  led him to a starting point of five years before aggravating factors.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13659404\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4328460\charrsid1004746  As we discuss later, th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15558908\charrsid1004746 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746  starting point was consistent with recent sentences in the Cook Islands }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 High }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746 Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14905167\charrsid1004746  and was not challenged by the appellant or the respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12337507\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [13]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746 
The Chief Justice noted that the aggravating factors were the victim\rquote s age, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16716143\charrsid1004746 the disparity with the respondent\rquote s age, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746 her vulnerability, her isolation in Rarotonga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16716143\charrsid1004746 , the breach of trust, his persistence and the long}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1864224\charrsid1004746 
-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16716143\charrsid1004746 term effect on the victim. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16716143\charrsid1004746 That led him to the higher starting point of 7 \'bd
 years concurrent on each of the two rapes.  To that he added another 1 \'bd years }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 cumulative }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16716143\charrsid1004746 
for the seven charges of indecent assaults and acts. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16716143\charrsid1004746 The result was a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1864224\charrsid1004746 total }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16716143\charrsid1004746 sentence of 9 years imprisonment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1864224\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7949540\charrsid1004746 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\keep\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f43\fs28\cf19\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 Submissions on behalf of respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 
\f0\fs24\cf0\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [14]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 Before turning to the appeal proper we }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid534170\charrsid1004746 need to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 comment on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746 Mr George\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 written submissions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746  to this Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 The effect of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8008269\charrsid1004746 his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 submissions was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 that the total sentence should be reduced from 9 to 7 \'bd years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746 in light of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 following}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 : 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s28 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s28\qj \fi-589\li1440\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid277041 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe5129\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 The victim\rquote s sexual history}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746  before her encounters with the respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s28 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}The implication that the victim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746 must have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 consented because she had failed to take ample oppo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041 rtunities to stop the assaults.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s28 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}The implication that the victim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746 must have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 consented because she \'93participated mildly in some of the sex acts\'94.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s28 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 
The implication that the victim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3363472\charrsid1004746 must have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7162194\charrsid1004746 consented because she }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 
did not make a voluntary complaint and her official complaint was only a response to questions from her college welfare officer. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s28 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}The victim\rquote s impact statement was a \'93stunningly breath-tak
ing narrative of both reality and imagination on her part\'94. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [15]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 In her oral submissions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 Ms Crawford }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7278348\charrsid1004746 submitted that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 Mr George\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7278348\charrsid1004746 submissions were }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3277100\charrsid1004746 not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 only ir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3277100\charrsid1004746 relevant}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7278348\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 but }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3277100\charrsid1004746 an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7278348\charrsid1004746 attempt to slander the victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid534170\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid277041 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [16]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041 Relevant to Mr George\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid534170\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid286778\charrsid1004746 submission}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid534170\charrsid1004746 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid286778\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14435501\charrsid1004746 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 the following}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid286778\charrsid1004746 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7167320\charrsid1004746 

\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3549166\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s19\qj \fi-589\li1440\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid277041\contextualspace \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3549166\charrsid1004746 Even at trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14435501\charrsid1004746 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3549166\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 s 20A(2)(a) of the Evidence Act 1968 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 would have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 imposed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid286778\charrsid1004746 a statutory prohibition against leading }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3549166\charrsid1004746 evidence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid534170\charrsid1004746 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8008269\charrsid1004746  or cross-examining}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid534170\charrsid1004746 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3549166\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid534170\charrsid1004746 as to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 the victim\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3549166\charrsid1004746 prior sexual experience with persons other than the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3549166\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\lang5129\langfe5129\super\langfenp5129\insrsid3549166\charrsid1004746 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid3549166 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3549166  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid3549166 Evidence Act 1968 s 20A(2)(a)}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1786340 (i)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1004746 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1786340\charrsid1004746  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1786340\charrsid1004746 The same applied to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1786340\charrsid1004746 reputation in sexual matters.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\lang5129\langfe5129\super\langfenp5129\insrsid1786340\charrsid1004746 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid1786340 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1786340  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746 \tab }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1786340 Evidence Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid16668917 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid1786340 
 s 20A(2)(a)(ii).}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8008269\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8008269\charrsid1004746 Those prohibitions were introduced in 1987 and continue today.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\lang5129\langfe5129\super\langfenp5129\insrsid8008269\charrsid1004746 \chftn {\footnote 
\ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid8008269 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8008269  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid8008269 
Evidence Amendment Act 1986-87}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid4337120 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3277100\charrsid1004746 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \fi-589\li1440\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid277041\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13114776\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid286778\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \fi-589\li1440\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid277041\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid286778\charrsid1004746 To attempt to raise }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 prior sexual experience }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid286778\charrsid1004746 as a fresh topic on appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 was an attempt to introduce fresh evidence without an application to do so. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 Had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 such }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8008269\charrsid1004746 an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 application }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 been made it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 would have been refused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746  for three reasons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid534170\charrsid1004746 :}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746  (i) the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10300626\charrsid1004746  fresh evidence would have been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5053546\charrsid1004746 contrary to the spirit of the Evidence Act}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 ; (ii) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10300626\charrsid1004746 the victim would have had no opportunity to respond to fresh allegations seeking to impugn her character}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 ; and (iii) any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746 prior sexual experience }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 she may }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746 have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 had would have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746 been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 ir}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746 relevant to the respondent\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8008269\charrsid1004746 own }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746 culpability.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid286778\charrsid1004746 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \fi-589\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid277041\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13114776\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3549166\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \fi-589\li1440\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid277041\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3549166\charrsid1004746 Any suggestion that the vi
ctim consented }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14886217\charrsid1004746 would be inconsistent with the verdict of the jury on the rape charges.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10300626\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1786340\charrsid1004746 
There was no appeal against conviction.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14886217\charrsid1004746 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \fi-589\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid277041\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13114776\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14886217\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \fi-589\li1440\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid277041\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14886217\charrsid1004746 It is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10300626\charrsid1004746 also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14886217\charrsid1004746 now well-recognised that there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746 may }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14886217\charrsid1004746 be many reasons why a sexual complainant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid534170\charrsid1004746 may }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14886217\charrsid1004746 delay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14886217\charrsid1004746 the making of a complaint. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8008269\charrsid1004746 In New Zealand if }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10300626\charrsid1004746 the defence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 argue that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10300626\charrsid1004746 such a delay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746  supports their client\rquote s innocence,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746  trial}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14886217\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10300626\charrsid1004746 judges normally warn juries that there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746 may }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10300626\charrsid1004746 be many reasons for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 the delay}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10300626\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\lang5129\langfe5129\super\langfenp5129\insrsid16668917 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid16668917 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid16668917 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16668917  \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16668917\charrsid16668917 NZ Evidence Act 2006, s 127, and \'93
The Second Review of the Evidence Act 2006 Te Arotake Tuarua i te Evidence Act 2006\'94 NZLC R142, February 2019, at [12.29] and [12.103].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid10300626\charrsid1004746  
\par }\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \fi-589\li720\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid277041\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13114776\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \s19 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14435501\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\s19\qj \fi-589\li1440\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid277041\contextualspace {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14435501\charrsid1004746 Mr George\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14886217\charrsid1004746 comment on the victim\rquote s impact statement }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid13114776\charrsid1004746 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746 intemperate and unjustified.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14886217\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14435501\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [17]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14435501\charrsid1004746 If any of Mr George\rquote s points had been proper and relevant to sentence they ought to have been raised in the Court below}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746  prior to sentencing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14435501\charrsid1004746 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14435501\charrsid1004746 But none }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 
would have qualified there any more than here}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14435501\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid14435501\charrsid1004746 Modern }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746 understanding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid8008269\charrsid1004746 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746 relevance and irrelevance in a rape trial was expressly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid534170\charrsid1004746 adopted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746 by Parliament 35 years ago. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1786340\charrsid1004746 And o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746 n a sentence appeal it is pointless to raise matters designed to cast doubt on }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid16537324\charrsid1004746 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746  jury\rquote s verdict. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid9992348\charrsid1004746 These submissions shou}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746 
ld not have been filed.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid614482\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1786340\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [18]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1786340\charrsid1004746 We put }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid5732935\charrsid1004746 this aspect of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1786340\charrsid1004746 Mr George\rquote s submissions to one side and turn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1004746 to the substance of the appeal.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid3277100\charrsid1004746 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb480\keep\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f43\fs28\cf19\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 The appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid16716143\charrsid1004746  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ab0\af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \b0\f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [19]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 Ms }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9634165\charrsid1004746 Crawford }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid1004746 submitted that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9598162\charrsid1004746 
the sentence of 9 years was inadequate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746  for these reasons:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-589\li1440\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid1004746 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 The start}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15891973\charrsid1004746 ing}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746  point of 7 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4399160\charrsid1004746 \'bd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 years for two rape charges did not reflect the}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 seriousness of the offending;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 
The Sentencing Judge did not have sufficient regard to the maximum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 sentence of 14 years' imprisonment given the aggravating features that were}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 present;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-590\li1441\ri0\sb240\sa360\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1441\itap0\pararsid277041 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 The sentence imposed on a totality basis was also inadequate.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [20]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 Ms }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13114776\charrsid1004746 Crawford }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 submitted that a start}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4337120\charrsid1004746 ing}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746  point for the rape}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1858895\charrsid1004746 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746  in the region of 10 years' imprisonment was appropriate having regard to previous case law and the maximum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 penalty. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 
She did not take issue with the 18-month uplift imposed for the indecency offending imposed on a totality basis. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16541105\charrsid1004746 
She submitted that an end sentence of 11 \'bd years was appropriate.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16716143\charrsid1004746 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb480\keep\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f43\fs28\cf19\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid4399160\charrsid1004746 Rape sentencing bands
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [21]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 We agree with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4337120\charrsid1004746 Chief Justice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1321155\charrsid1004746 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4337120\charrsid1004746 
 the Crown}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1321155\charrsid1004746 , and Mr George,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4337120\charrsid1004746  that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 
the four rape bands established in New Zealand}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid10162950 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162950  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid10162950\charrsid7949540 R v AM }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid10162950\charrsid7949540 [2010] NZCA 114}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid1004746 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4337120\charrsid1004746 should be adopted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1321155\charrsid1004746 here }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4337120\charrsid1004746 after }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid656576\charrsid1004746 
downward }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 adjustment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2775262\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [22]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2775262\charrsid1004746 downward adjustment is justified by the difference in the maximum sentences available in the two countries.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2775262\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 New Zealand rape bands were set against a maximum sentence of 20 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 \rquote  imprisonment}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10162950\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1049934\charrsid1004746 
The maximum in the Cook Islands is 14 years. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746 We agree that the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid293648\charrsid1004746 range
s suggested for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1049934\charrsid1004746 four rape bands }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid293648\charrsid1004746 should be reduced }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15468041\charrsid1004746 on that }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid293648\charrsid1004746 account}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15468041\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid293648\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [23]\tab}However }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12278427\charrsid1004746 while }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3150658\charrsid1004746 arithmetically in comparison to the New Zealand bands }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12278427\charrsid1004746 the bottom }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3150658\charrsid1004746 
of band one could start a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5247750\charrsid1004746 s low as}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3150658\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5247750\charrsid1004746 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3150658\charrsid1004746  years, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746 we do not think that the bottom of the range for the lowest band }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13114776\charrsid1004746 can }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746 be less than 5 years. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746 
In New Zealand the starting point for rape without aggravating factors was already 5 years by the time the maximum was increased from 14 years to 20 years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid2625262 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2625262  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid2625262\charrsid7949540 R v }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid2625262 Clark }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid2625262\charrsid16668917 [1987]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid2625262  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\cf1\insrsid2625262\charrsid5253030 1 NZLR 380}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid2625262  (CA)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid2625262\charrsid5253030 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\cf1\insrsid2625262  }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746 Also relevant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4870953\charrsid1004746 are evolving social attitudes to rape and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid293648\charrsid1004746 upward trend in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746 rape }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid3343661\charrsid1004746 sentencing levels.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3343661\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746 Two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5253030\charrsid1004746 recent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746 Cook Islands }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15468041\charrsid1004746 sentences }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid5253030\charrsid1004746 showed an increase }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid293648\charrsid1004746 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 5 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2625262\charrsid1004746 
 before aggravating features}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1004746\charrsid1004746 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 
\i\fs18\cf1\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 Police }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 v }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs16 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 Travel }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 Engu }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid15468041\charrsid1004746 (2015) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 Cr No. 349/15;}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs14\cf1\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 R v Marakai Mahitu}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid15468041\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid15468041\charrsid1004746 (2017)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 Cr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746 No. 550/16.}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16323481\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid293648\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid6884841\charrsid1004746 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [24]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6884841\charrsid1004746 
Bearing in mind those considerations, and expressing the result }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4340417\charrsid1004746 in rounded figures, the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid989521\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4340417\charrsid1004746 sentencing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6884841\charrsid1004746 guidelines }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4340417\charrsid1004746 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid989521\charrsid1004746 
the Cook Islands}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4340417\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6884841\charrsid1004746 can}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6230466\charrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid4340417\charrsid1004746 be expressed as follows}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid989521\charrsid1004746 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3343661\charrsid1004746 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-589\li1440\ri522\sb240\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin522\lin1440\itap0\pararsid277041 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 Rape band one: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 5 to 6 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6175334\charrsid4337120 \rquote  imprisonment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6230466\charrsid4337120 is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 
 band was described by the New Zealand Court of Appeal as \'93offending }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 at the lower }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 end }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 of the spectrum}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 is, offending where }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 aggravating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 features }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 are }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 either }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 present }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 or present to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 limited extent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 Rape }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 
band one is not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 appropriate band for offending }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 where }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 level }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 of violence is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 serious}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 the case involves }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 an extended }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 abduction, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 victim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 who by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 reason }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 of factors such }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 age (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 children or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 elderly persons}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 ) or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 mental or physical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 impairment is vulnerable or }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 an }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 offender acts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 concert with others}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid1004746  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 Where }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 none }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 factors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 referred to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 above at [}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 37] to [52}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 ] }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 
which increase the seriousness of the offending are present a starting point }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 the bottom }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 end }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 of this band }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 would be appropriate}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 Where one or more of these }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 factors is present }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 a low }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 moderate degree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 higher starting point }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 within }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 the band would be required.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\fs22\super\insrsid2911500\charrsid4337120 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid277041 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid2911500 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2911500  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid2911500\charrsid7949540 R v AM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid277041 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid2911500  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid2911500 at [93].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 Rape band two:}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120  6 to 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid293648\charrsid4337120 0}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120  years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 Described as \'93a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 
ppropriate for a scale of offending and levels of violence and premeditation which are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 
in relative terms, moderate}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs32 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 
This band covers offending involving a vulnerable victim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 
or an offender acting in concert with others or some additional violence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 It is appropriate for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 cases }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 which involve two or three of the factors increasing culpability to a moderate degree.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\fs22\super\insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar 
\pard\plain \ltrpar\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid277041 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\super\insrsid6884841 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6884841  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid6884841\charrsid7949540 R v AM}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid277041 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid6884841  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid6884841\charrsid6884841 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6884841\charrsid6884841 [98]}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid277041 .}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 Rape band three:
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120  9 to 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid293648\charrsid4337120 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120  years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 Described as \'93offending accompanied }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 by aggravating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 features at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 relatively speaking, serious level}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 Rape band three }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 appropriate for offending which involves }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 two or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 more of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 factors increasing culpability to a high degree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 , }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 such }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 a particularly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 vulnerable }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 victim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 and serious }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 additional violence, }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 more }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 than}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 three }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 those factors }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 moderate degree}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs28 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 Particularly }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 cruel, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 callous }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 or }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 violent single }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 episodes }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 of offending involving rape will fall into this band.\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\fs22\super\insrsid6230466\charrsid4337120 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid277041 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid6230466 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6230466  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid6884841\charrsid7949540 R v AM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid277041 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid6884841  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid6884841 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6230466 
[105].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 Rape band four:}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid293648\charrsid4337120 11 to 14 years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid6116332\charrsid4337120 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 Described as \'93The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 same sorts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 factors that place offending towards }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 the higher }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 end of rape }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 band three will apply here but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 it }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 is likely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 offending in rape band four }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 will involve multiple offending over }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 considerable }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 periods of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 time}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid16668917 , usually years,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 rather }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 than }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 single instances of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs26 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 rape}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs22\insrsid15468041\charrsid4337120 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\fs22\super\insrsid6230466\charrsid4337120 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid277041 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\super\insrsid6230466 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6230466  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid6884841\charrsid7949540 R v AM}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 
\ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid277041 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\fs18\cf1\insrsid6884841  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs14 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\cf1\insrsid6884841 at }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid6230466 
[108].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\insrsid4340417\charrsid4337120 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [25]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid277041 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120 In applying these guidelines two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6175334\charrsid4337120 
further }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120 considerations }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8285572\charrsid4337120 should }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6175334\charrsid4337120 be borne in mind.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6175334\charrsid4337120  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120 First, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8285572\charrsid4337120 
valuable guidance is to be found in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120 the many }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2775262 actual }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120 
examples provided by the New Zealand Court of Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2778493  to illustrate the way the bands work in practice}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2775262 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120 The second is that sentencing }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8285572\charrsid4337120 
can never be a mechanical }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120 exercise. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15558908\charrsid4337120 
So long as appropriate regard is paid to the bands involved, a discretion must }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8285572\charrsid4337120 remain with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15558908\charrsid4337120 the sentencing Judge}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120  to act on factors unique to the particular case}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15558908\charrsid4337120 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6884841\charrsid4337120 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb480\keep\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f43\fs28\cf19\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs22\cf0\insrsid15558908\charrsid1004746 Application of the sentencing guidelines to this case
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid11358756\charrsid4337120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [26]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid11358756\charrsid4337120 It }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15558908\charrsid4337120 is the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120 total }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15558908\charrsid4337120 sentence }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11358756\charrsid4337120 for the offending }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15558908\charrsid4337120 that matters}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11358756\charrsid4337120 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11358756\charrsid4337120 Although }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120 it would be possible to deal with different classes of offence separately}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8285572\charrsid4337120 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120  we think it more }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8285572\charrsid4337120 useful }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120 to approach th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15030334\charrsid4337120 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8285572\charrsid4337120 case }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120 as a single course of offending }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15030334\charrsid4337120 against one victim }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120 
over four months. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120 Approach}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2775262 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120 
 in that way}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8285572\charrsid4337120 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1858895 it is possible to identify }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid16600941\charrsid4337120 four }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15030334\charrsid4337120 aggravating }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120 features: 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-590\li1441\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1441\itap0\pararsid277041 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120 The victim\rquote s age of 14 and 15 years }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid13787593\charrsid4337120 respectively}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16600941\charrsid4337120  at the time of the offences}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid4337120 , particularly when compared with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120 the respondent\rquote s age}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13787593\charrsid4337120  of 53 and 54 years respectively. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7870991\charrsid4337120 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13787593\charrsid4337120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-589\li1440\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar
\jclisttab\tx1440\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\ilvl1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid277041 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13787593\charrsid4337120 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1835816\charrsid4337120 gross }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13787593\charrsid4337120 breach of trust }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1835816\charrsid4337120 given the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13787593\charrsid4337120 victim\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2775262 relative }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13787593\charrsid4337120 isolation in Rarotonga and reliance on the respondent and her Aunt as her carers. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13787593\charrsid4337120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1835816\charrsid4337120 frequency and }{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13787593\charrsid4337120 persistence of the respondent\rquote s sexual offending over four months}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1835816\charrsid4337120  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8285572\charrsid4337120 
including the seven indecency }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1835816\charrsid4337120 charges}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2775262 , the sexual behaviour in the kitchen and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1835816\charrsid4337120 
the two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4870953\charrsid4337120 principal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1835816\charrsid4337120 charges of rape. 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid4870953\charrsid4337120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4870953\charrsid4337120 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15030334\charrsid4337120 likely }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4870953\charrsid4337120 long}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15030334\charrsid4337120 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4870953\charrsid4337120 
term harm to the victim.
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1835816\charrsid4337120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [27]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb360\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid277041 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1835816\charrsid4337120 The Chief Justice considered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid4337120 
that for the rapes alone the case fell into the upper end of band two or the lower end of band three but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4870953\charrsid4337120 added }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid4337120 
another 18 months for the indecency charges. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid4337120 By that means he arri}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041 ved at the total of nine years.}
{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid4337120 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid13848889\charrsid4337120 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [28]\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid4337120 On }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13435471\charrsid4337120 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid4337120 global approach we consider that the aggravating features }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16600941\charrsid4337120 we have mentioned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid16193630 
place this case in the middle of band three. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041\charrsid16193630  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid16193630 That suggest}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630 s}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid16193630  a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13435471\charrsid16193630 starting point }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid16193630 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630 at least }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid16193630 10 years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041\charrsid16193630  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13848889\charrsid16193630  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13435471\charrsid16193630 There are no features in mitigation}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277041\charrsid16193630 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15558908\charrsid16193630 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2775262\charrsid16193630 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [29]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid2775262\charrsid16193630 
However on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid15030334\charrsid16193630 a prosecutor\rquote s appeal a sentence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid7870069  
}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid15030334\charrsid16193630 will normally be increased}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\langfenp5129\insrsid7870069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid15030334\charrsid16193630 only where it is manifestly inadequate or contrary to principle.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\lang5129\langfe5129\super\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid15030334\charrsid16193630 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid277041 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\fs18\super\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\insrsid277041\charrsid277041 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs26\i\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 R v Pue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7870069  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15099150 HYPERLINK "https://advance.lexis.com/document/teaserdocument/?pdmfid=1230042&crid=b6770cc3-23fd-4d0c-ba31-7ca
f04d2643b&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fanalytical-materials-nz%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A5D16-RJ11-K0BB-S0X7-00000-00&pddocid=urn%3AcontentItem%3A5D16-RJ11-K0BB-S0X7-00000-00&pdcontentcomponentid=603353&pdteaserkey=h3&pdicsfeatureid=1517128&pditab=all
pods&ecomp=sbqrk&earg=sr1&prid=2d6487d4-ae61-4773-9089-63435cbb920c" \\o "New Zealand Law Reports"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15099150 {\*\datafield 53}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 [1974] 2 NZLR 392}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7870069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\fs18\chbrdr
\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 (CA)}}}\sectd \ltrsect\psz9\linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1056047\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7870069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid277041\charrsid277041  }{
\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs26\i\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 R v Muavae}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7870069  }
{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15099150 
HYPERLINK "https://advance.lexis.com/document/teaserdocument/?pdmfid=1230042&crid=b6770cc3-23fd-4d0c-ba31-7caf04d2643b&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fanalytical-materials-nz%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A5D16-RJ11-K0BB-S0X7-00000-00&pddocid=urn%3AcontentIte
m%3A5D16-RJ11-K0BB-S0X7-00000-00&pdcontentcomponentid=603353&pdteaserkey=h3&pdicsfeatureid=1517128&pditab=allpods&ecomp=sbqrk&earg=sr1&prid=2d6487d4-ae61-4773-9089-63435cbb920c" \\o "New Zealand Law Reports"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15099150 
{\*\datafield 53}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 [2000] 3 NZLR 483 (CA)}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\psz9\linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1056047\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid277041 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7870069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 at}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7870069  }
{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15099150 HYPERLINK "https://advance.lexis.com/document/teaserdocument/?pdmfid=1230042
&crid=b6770cc3-23fd-4d0c-ba31-7caf04d2643b&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fanalytical-materials-nz%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A5D16-RJ11-K0BB-S0X7-00000-00&pddocid=urn%3AcontentItem%3A5D16-RJ11-K0BB-S0X7-00000-00&pdcontentcomponentid=603353&pdteaserkey=h3&
pdicsfeatureid=1517128&pditab=allpods&ecomp=sbqrk&earg=sr1&prid=2d6487d4-ae61-4773-9089-63435cbb920c" \\o "New Zealand Law Reports"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15099150 {\*\datafield 53}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\fs18
\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 [10}}}\sectd \ltrsect\psz9\linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1056047\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 ].}}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid15030334\charrsid16193630  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\langfenp5129\insrsid277041\charrsid16193630  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid15030334\charrsid16193630 Any increase }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr
\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid5461529\charrsid16193630 should}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid15030334\charrsid16193630  take the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid7870069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid15030334\charrsid16193630 
new sentence to only the lower end of the available range.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs24\lang5129\langfe5129\super\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid15030334\charrsid16193630 \chftn {\footnote \ltrpar \pard\plain \ltrpar
\s22\ql \fi-709\li709\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin709\itap0\pararsid277041 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs20\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs20\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs24\fs18\super\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 \chftn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs26\i\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs26\i\fs18\chbrdr
\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid277041\charrsid277041 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs26\i\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 R v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 
\ltrch\fcs0 \cs26\i\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7870069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs26\i\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 Davidson}{
\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7870069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 [2008] NZCA 484;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 
\ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7870069   }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs26\i\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 R v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\cs26\i\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7870069  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs26\i\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 Clifford}{\rtlch\fcs1 
\af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7870069  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15099150 
HYPERLINK "https://advance.lexis.com/document/teaserdocument/?pdmfid=1230042&crid=b6770cc3-23fd-4d0c-ba31-7caf04d2643b&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fanalytical-materials-nz%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A5D16-RJ11-K0BB-S0X7-00000-00&pddocid=urn%3AcontentIte
m%3A5D16-RJ11-K0BB-S0X7-00000-00&pdcontentcomponentid=603353&pdteaserkey=h3&pdicsfeatureid=1517128&pditab=allpods&ecomp=sbqrk&earg=sr1&prid=2d6487d4-ae61-4773-9089-63435cbb920c" \\o "New Zealand Court of Appeal"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15099150 {\*\datafield 53}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 [2011] NZCA 360}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\psz9\linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1056047\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 
\fs18\chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid7870069  }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15099150 
HYPERLINK "https://advance.lexis.com/document/teaserdocument/?pdmfid=1230042&crid=b6770cc3-23fd-4d0c-ba31-7caf04d2643b&pddocfullpath=%2Fshared%2Fdocument%2Fanalytical-materials-nz%2Furn%3AcontentItem%3A5D16-RJ11-K0BB-S0X7-00000-00&pddocid=urn%3Ac
ontentItem%3A5D16-RJ11-K0BB-S0X7-00000-00&pdcontentcomponentid=603353&pdteaserkey=h3&pdicsfeatureid=1517128&pditab=allpods&ecomp=sbqrk&earg=sr1&prid=2d6487d4-ae61-4773-9089-63435cbb920c" \\o "New Zealand Law Reports"}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid15099150 {\*\datafield 53}}}{\fldrslt {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \cs25\fs18\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \chshdng0\chcfpat0\chcbpat8\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 [2012] 1 NZLR 23}}}\sectd \ltrsect
\psz9\linex0\endnhere\titlepg\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid1056047\sftnbj {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs18 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs18\insrsid15030334\charrsid277041 . }}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\langfenp5129\insrsid2775262\charrsid16193630  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid277041\charrsid16193630  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\langfenp5129\insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630 Although we would have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid9992348\charrsid16193630 been inclined to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630 impose a sentence of 10 years we }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid2775262\charrsid16193630 
do not consider that 9 years was outside the range available to the Chief Justice. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid277041\charrsid16193630  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630 Accordingly his sentence shoul}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid277041\charrsid16193630 
d stand.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid15030334\charrsid16193630 
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langnp5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [30]\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129
\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630 Mr George applied for costs.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid277041\charrsid16193630  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630  The grounds on which we }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 
\langfenp5129\insrsid16668917\charrsid16193630 have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630 dismissed the appeal did not form part of his su}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 
\ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\chbrdr\brdrnone\brdrframe1 \langfenp5129\insrsid277041\charrsid16193630 bmissions. Costs are declined.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe5129\langfenp5129\insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630 
\par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\s1\qj \li0\ri0\sb480\keep\keepn\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1004746 \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0\afs28\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\f43\fs28\cf19\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24 \ltrch\fcs0 \f0\fs24\cf0\insrsid2957542\charrsid16193630 {\upr{\*\bkmkstart _Toc413071742}{\*\ud\uc0{\*\bkmkstart _Toc413071742}}}{\upr{\*\bkmkend _Hlk117852549}
{\*\ud\uc0{\*\bkmkend _Hlk117852549}}}Result{\upr{\*\bkmkend _Toc413071742}{\*\ud\uc0{\*\bkmkend _Toc413071742}}}
\par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang5129\langfe1033\langnp5129\insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 [31]\tab}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1
\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2957542 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang5129\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp5129\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630 The appeal is dismissed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542\charrsid16193630 .  }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1321155\charrsid16193630 The total sentence of 9}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\insrsid277041\charrsid16193630  years imprisonment will stand.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2957542 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sb240\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2957542 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1321155 
\par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7286392 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7286392 
\par 
\par 
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang3081\langfe1033\langnp3081\insrsid7286392 
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\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7286392 __________________\tab __________________\tab ____________________
\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7286392\charrsid9261576 Douglas White}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7286392 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7286392\charrsid9261576  P \tab \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7286392 
Robert Fisher,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7286392\charrsid9261576  JA\tab \tab Raynor Asher}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7286392 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7286392\charrsid9261576  JA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 
\b\insrsid7286392 
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