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\qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5839790 \fs20\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid459974 IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE COOK ISLANDS
\par HELD IN AUCKLAND}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid459974  
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid487492 of Article 60 of the Constitution and Rule 17 of the Court of}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid5839790  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid487492 Appeal Rules}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid487492 of Section 390A, Cook Islands Act 1915}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790 
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid487492 of an Application to Rehear the Succession Order to }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid2296858 AKAITI}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid487492 (F, Deceased) made on 30 November 1921}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8795970  MB 9/}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid487492 117}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790 
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid487492 of an Application by }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid2951011 Matarii Exham}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid487492 
 on 24 July 2001}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790 
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid487492 of a decision by Mr Chief Justice L Greig dismissing the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid5839790  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid487492 application on 6 May 2004-11-15}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790 
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\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837\charrsid14179014 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837\charrsid487492 of Rarotonga, on behalf of the children}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837\charrsid7558837  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837\charrsid487492 of }{
\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837\charrsid3805819 EXHAM HEATHER}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837\charrsid487492 Appellant}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837 
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\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5839790 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837 AND
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8402728 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5839790 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837\charrsid15293128 RUTA TUORO 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837\charrsid487492 of Arorangi}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837 
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\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016125\charrsid487492 Hearing date12 November 2004}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5201800 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1188590 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5196959 Coram}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13580294 :}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5196959  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016125\charrsid487492 
Barker JA (Presiding)}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7558837 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016125             }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5196959  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016125\charrsid487492 Henry JA}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016125\charrsid16016125  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016125 
\par \'85\'85\'85}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016125\charrsid487492 Smellie JA}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016125 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13580294 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13580294\charrsid487492 Counsel:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13580294\charrsid13580294  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13580294\charrsid487492 N George for Appellant}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13580294 
\par                }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13580294\charrsid487492 T Browne for Respondent}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016125 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13580294 
\par Date of judgm}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13580294\charrsid487492 ent:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13580294\charrsid13580294  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid13580294\charrsid487492 November 2004}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16016125\charrsid487492 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid487492 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9312706 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid9312706 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid487492 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid16584858 Introduction
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid4858016 [1] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 
The applications before the Court seek an enlargement of time to appeal against the judgment of Greig CJ of 6 May 2004 and special leave to appeal. The appeal is approximately four months out of time and special leave is required pursuant to Article 60(3)
 of the Constitution.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5839790\charrsid487492 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid16319102 The onus on the would-be appellant}{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16319102\charrsid16319102 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16319102 [2]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6686019  }{\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid16319102 In Avery v No. 2 and Public Services Appeal Board}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492  (1973) 2 NZLR 86
\par (Court of Appeal) at page 91, Richmond J held as follows:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5183758\charrsid487492 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8402728 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 When once an appellant allows the time for appealing to go by then h
is position suffers a radical change. Whereas previously he was in a position to appeal as of right, he now becomes an applicant for a grant of indulgence by the Court. The onus rests upon him to satisfy the Court that in all the circumstances the justice
 of the case requires that he be given an opportunity to attack the judgment from which he wishes to appeal.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid487492 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6686019\charrsid487492 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid6686019 Jurisdictional points deferred
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6686019\charrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid6686019 [3] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 For the respondent, it was argued that there is no right of appeal in any event. Reliance was placed 
upon ss 390A(2) and 451 of the Cook Islands Act 1915. The appellant/applicant, on the other hand, relies upon Article 60(3) of the Constitution.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10380769\charrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1454942 [4] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 The Court elected to first examine the }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 "}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 justice of the case}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 "}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492  leaving the jurisdiction issue to be dealt wi
th later should that be necessary.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1454942\charrsid487492 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid1454942 The judgment of the Chief Justice
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid1454942\charrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5908720 [5] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 The learned Chief Justice had before him an 
application to set aside a succession order made over 80 years earlier on the 30 November 1921. The application is based on an allegation that the 1921 order was obtained by fraud.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5908720\charrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5908720 [6] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 Initially, this application was referred to Smith J for a report pursu
ant to s390A of the Cook Islands Act 1915. The report recommended the application be dismissed. After a careful consideration of the report and the source documents, the}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid2966028  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 Chief Justice dismissed the application. In doing so, he noted that the 1921 order had
 been challenged in 1942, also on the grounds of fraud. No finding as to fraud one way or the other was made on that second application. But the application was dismissed because during the hearing there had been an agreed exchange of land resolving the m
atter.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7038009\charrsid487492 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid7038009 The justice of the case on these applications
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7038009\charrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16071407 [7] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 
Despite Mr George's spirited submission to the contrary, we reach the firm conclusion that both applications (enlargement and special leave), should be dismissed, for the following reasons:}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8402728 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758 [i] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 
The order sought to be overturned has stood for over 80 years}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8402728  
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 - only a very strong case should get leave in such}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid3159758  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 circumstances.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8402728 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8402728 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 [ii]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid3159758  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 The second challenge over 60 years ago was also dismissed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8402728 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8402728 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 [iii]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid3159758  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 Both the 1921 and the 1942 challenges alleged fraud. It is a}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid3159758  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 well established principle that a high standard of proof is}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid3159758  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 required in such a case before an applicant can succeed: see}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid3159758  }{
\b\i\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid3159758 Honda NZ Ltd v New Zealand Boilermakers Union }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 (1990)}{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid3159758  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 4 PRNZ 330 (CA). Edwin Exham, who claimed to be}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid3159758 
 }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 defrauded, is now dead. His daughter is the applicant and she}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid3159758  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 can only give hearsay evidence to support the fraud allegation.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid3159758  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 Such weak second-hand evidence would have limited prospect}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid3159758  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758\charrsid487492 of success.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid3159758 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8402728 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8353779 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8402728 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8353779\charrsid487492 [iv]}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8353779\charrsid8353779  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8353779\charrsid487492 Quite apart from the difficulties of proving fraud more than 80}{\insrsid8353779  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8353779\charrsid487492 
years after the alleged deceit, the minute book entry of the}{\insrsid8353779  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8353779\charrsid487492 1942 proceedings records exchanges between the party}{\insrsid8353779  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8353779\charrsid487492 opposing the applicant, the applicant, and the Court. The}{\insrsid8353779  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8353779\charrsid487492 
Chief Justice construed those entries as recording an agreed}{\insrsid8353779  }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8353779\charrsid487492 exchange of land which settled the dispute by consent and}{\insrsid8353779  }{
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8353779\charrsid487492 thereby prevented the present applicant from re-opening it.}{\insrsid8353779 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid487492 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8353779 [8}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid10624617 ] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 
We have looked carefully at the record and consider the conclusion reached was well open to the Chief Justice. We are not prepared to interfere with it.
\par 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid7174381 Decision
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7174381\charrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid7174381 [9] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 
Assuming, without deciding, that we have jurisdiction, nonetheless for the reasons set out above, we would decline to exercise our discretion in favour of the applicant in respect of the relief sought.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 

\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16610421\charrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16610421 [10] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 Both applications are dismissed.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16610421\charrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid16610421 [11] }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 
The respondent is awarded costs against the appellant/applicant in the sum of $1000.00, which sum includes all incidental expenses.}{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8402728 {\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8402728\charrsid8402728 Barker JA
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid8402728 Henry JA
\par Smellie JA
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid487492 {\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid5723539\charrsid487492 
\par }{\b\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid8402728 Solicitors:
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 Mr N George for Appellant/Applicant }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid8402728 
\par }{\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid487492\charrsid487492 Mrs T Browne for Respondent
\par }}