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{\*\generator Microsoft Word 10.0.4219;}{\info{\title IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE COOK ISLANDS}{\author blake_r}{\operator blake_r}{\creatim\yr2003\mo7\dy22\hr18\min26}{\revtim\yr2003\mo7\dy22\hr18\min58}{\version21}{\edmins31}{\nofpages8}
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{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 \f2\fs20\lang1024\langfe1024\cgrid\noproof\langnp5129\langfenp5129 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE COOK ISLANDS
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 CA No. 156/93
\par 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 BETWEEN}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499 
\par 
\par }{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 Pupuke Robati}{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499\charrsid3957499 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499 o}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 f}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
Rarotonga, Member of}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid14629029  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Parliament
\par Plaintiff
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 
\par AND}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499 
\par 
\par }{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 The Privileges}{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499\charrsid3957499  }{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
Standing Committee
\par of the Parliament of}{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499\charrsid3957499  }{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 the Cook Islands
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 First Defendant
\par 
\par AND}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499 
\par 
\par }{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 The Speaker}{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499  }{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 of the}{
\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499\charrsid3957499  }{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Parliament of the}{\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499\charrsid3957499  }{
\b\caps\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Cook Islands
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Second Defendant
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par Coram}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499 : }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Quilliam J.A. (Presiding)
\par Barker J.A.
\par Dillon J.A.
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499 Hearing}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 :}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499  }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 17 December 1993
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499 Counsel: }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Mr McFadzien, Solicitor General and
\par Dr G.P. Barton QC for Defendants
\par Mr B.H. Giles, Mr M.C. Mitchell and
\par Mrs S.R.A. Andersen for Plaintiff
\par 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid3957499 Date of Judgment}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 :
\par 
\par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 JUDGEMENT OF QUILLIAM J.A.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 A motion by the Defendants to strike out an action commenced by the Plaintiff in the High Court has}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid14629029  been removed into this Court. I}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
t concerns an important constitutional question which requires determination as to the jurisdiction of the Courts to review the proceedings of Parliament.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 It is necessary first to set out th}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid14111359 
e facts alleged in the Plaintif}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 f}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid14111359 '}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
s Statement of Claim and it needs to be noted that, for the purposes of an application to strike out, it must be assumed that the facts alleged will be capable of proof.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }{\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 The Facts
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
The Plaintiff is a member of the Cook Islands Parliament. The First Defendant is a Standing Committee established by Parli}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid14629029 ament pursuant to its Standing O}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 rders. The Second Defendant is the Speaker of the Parliament.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 On 13 July 1993}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid14111359  the First Defendant (}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 the Committee}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 ) considered and made recommendations to Parliament in Parliamentary Paper No. 9 (}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Paper No. 9}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 ) 
in respect of disciplinary offences in relation to Parliamentary conduct.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 On 23 August 1993 the Plaintiff spo
ke in Parliament in a debate on what was known as Parliament Paper No. 6 concerning a report on an audit of the country's financial statements. On 24 August the Speaker permitted Paper 9 to be tabled in the House. On 27 August Parliament resolved to accep
t and adopt Paper 9 to be effective as and from the date on which it was tabled, namely 24 August.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 On 29 September 1993, in accordance with a resolution of Parliament, the Sp
eaker issued a summons to the Plaintiff requiring him to attend before the Committee to answer a charge expressed in these terms:
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid14111359 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
That the Honourable Member Dr Pupuke Robati, Member for Rakahanga be referred to the Privileges Standing Committee pursuant to the recommendations of the Privileg}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid10174115 es Standing Committee following}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  its meeting on 13 July 1993 and tabled in this House on Tuesday 24 August 1993 on the grounds that the Honourable Member Pupuke Robati made a wilfully misleading statement in this House
 on Monday 23rd August 1993 when he alleged }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 inter alia }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 that the Honourable}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid14111359  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Vincent Ingram, Member for Mikao/Panama}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid10174115 :}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid14111359 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 (a)\tab }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 is}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499  being paid above his Member of Parliament salary }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 in}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 an amount exceeding $200,000;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10174115 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid14111359 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 (b)\tab that this sum is being deducted from $7 }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 million}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 appropriated for ECIL;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10174115 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid14111359 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 (c)\tab 
and that the ECIL car in Auckland was not being utilized for the work of the Sheraton and ECIL but family purposes.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 The Plaintiff appeared before the Committee in answer to the summons. He requested the right to be repr
esented by counsel, but this was declined. The Committee then considered the charge and in due course made a finding that the actions of the Plaintiff did not amount to a deliberate act to mislead the House and the public.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 The Committee then submitted a r
eport to Parliament on the hearing of the charge and, notwithstanding its findings, recommended that the Plaintiff be ordered to make himself available in Parliament to:
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-1407\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\tx1418\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid10900503 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 10.1 }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 \tab }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 a)\tab Apologise fully to the Honourable Member Vincent Ingram for the misleading 
and damaging allegations he made against the Honourable Vincent Ingram on 23 August 1993.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10900503 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid10900503 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 b)\tab 
Apologise fully to the members of the family of the Honourable Member Vincent Ingram for the disparaging remarks Dr Robati made against that family on 23 August 1993.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10900503 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid10900503 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 c)\tab Fully and completely retract all those misleading, erroneous, an}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8716555 d damaging allegations against }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 the Honourable Member Vincent Ingram and his family.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10900503 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid10900503 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 10.2\tab 
That the apology and retraction by the Honourable Member Dr Pupuke Robati are to be acknowledged by the Chairman of the Privileges Committee.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10900503 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid10900503 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 10.3\tab 
That an approved copy of the set of apologies and retractions be broadcasted and publicized over the National Radio, the Cook Islands Televis}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 ion and the Cook Islands News.}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 The Speaker then gave t
he Plaintiff notice to make the apologies referred to. On 19 October 1993 the Plaintiff was suspended from Parliament until such time as he tendered the apology referred to.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 It needs to be observed that the terms of Paper 9 have not been pleaded and so th
is Court is not aware whether it created the offence with which the Plaintiff was charged, nor whether it created some lesser offence of misleading Parliament although without having done so wilfully. For present purposes, however, the Court must assume t
h
at Paper 9 did at least create the offence of wilfully misleading Parliament. It must also be noted that, in terms of the Speaker's summons to the Plaintiff, it was pursuant to Paper 9 that the Committee was required to consider the charge against the Pla
intiff.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 The }{\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Plaintiff's Claim

\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 On }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
the basis of these allegations of fact the Plaintiff's claim}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 is:
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 1.\tab 
That, in accordance with the principles of natural justice, he was entitled to be represented by counsel at the hearing conducted by the Committee.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 2. \tab }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
That, in accordance with Standing Orders, he could not in any event have been suspended from Parliament for a period exceeding 7 days.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 3.\tab 
That as the resolution of Parliament adopting Paper 9 was made retrospective only to 24 August, it could not have giv
en the Committee or Parliament power to deal with a charge in respect of a matter occurring prior to that date. The Plaintiff has accordingly claimed that the proceedings and decisions of the Defendants in respect of what occurred were ultra vires, in }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 excess of jurisdiction and/}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
or without jurisdiction and/or were unreasonable or unfair and has sought declarations to that effect.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }{\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 The Motion to Strike Out
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 By way of a preliminary response to the Statement of Claim the Defendants had moved to strike out th
e Plaintiff's action on the ground that, in accordance with the Constitution, the High Court does not possess jurisdiction to hear and determine the action or grant the declarations sought.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 This motion raises the important constitutional question of the e
xtent to which, if at all, the Courts have the jurisdiction to review and pronounce upon the proceedings of Parliament, and it will have been for this reason that the motion was removed into this Court.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5075796 {\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 The Statutory Provisions
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8011511 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 The }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Plaintiff relies upon Articles 64 and 65 of the Cook Islands}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Constitution Act 1964, namely:
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499 64. }{
\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid8011511 Fundamental human rights and freedoms}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid4816355\charrsid3957499  - (1) It is }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 hereby recognised and declared that in the Cook Islands there exist, and shall continue to exist, without discrimination by reason 
of race, national origin, colour, religion, opinion, belief, or sex, the following fundamental human rights and freedoms:
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 (a)\tab 
The right of the individual to life, liberty, and security of the person, and the right not to be deprived thereof except in accordance with law;
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 (b)\tab 
The right of the individual to equality before the law and to the protection of the law;
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 (c)\tab The right o
f the individual to own property and the right not to be deprived thereof ex}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8011511 cept in accordance with the law:}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid12060840 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
Provided that nothing in this paragraph or in Article 40 of this Constitution shall be construed as limiting the power of Parliament to prohibit or restrict b}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12060840 y Act the alienation of Native L}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 and (as defined in section 2(1) of the Cook Islands Act 1915 of the Parliament of New Zealand);
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12060840 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid12060840 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 (d)\tab }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
Freedom of thought, conscience, and religion;
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12060840 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8011511 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid12060840 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 (e)\tab }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
Freedom of speech and expression}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12060840 ;}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12060840 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8011511 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid12060840 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 (f)\tab }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
Freedom of peaceful assembly and association.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
(2) It is hereby recognised and declared that every person has duties to others, and accordingly is subject in the exercise of his rights and freedoms to such limitations as are imposed by any enactment or rule of law for the ti
me being in force, for protecting the rights and freedoms of others or in the interests of public safety, order, or morals, the general welfare, or the security of the Cook Islands.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 65. }{
\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Construction of law }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12060840 -}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
 (1) Subject to subclause (2) of this Article 
and to subclause(2) of Article 64 hereof, every enactment shall be so construed and applied as not to abrogate, abridge, or infringe or to authorise the abrogation, abridgement, or infringement of any of the rights or freedoms recognised and declared by s
ubclause (1) of Article 64 hereof, and in particular no enactment shall b}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8011511 e construed or applied so as to}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid2308474 :}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li1440\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid2308474 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 \'85
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 (d)\tab Deprive any person of the right to a fair hearing, in accordance with the principl}
{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid2308474 e}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
s of fundamental justice, for the determination of his rights and obligations before any tribunal or authority having a duty to act judicially; or
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 (e)\tab Deprive any person charged with an of
fence of the right to be presumed innocent until he is proved guilty according to law in a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal; or
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid2308474 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 \'85
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-687\li2127\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin2127\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 (g)\tab 
Authorise the conviction of any person or any offence except for the breach of a law in force at the time of the act or omission;}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
(2) Every enactment, and every provision thereof shall be deemed remedial, whether its immediate purpose is to direct the doing of anything that the enacting authority deems to be for the public good, or to p
revent or punish the doing of anything it deems contrary to the public good, and shall accordingly receive such fair, large, and liberal attainment [[of the object]] of the enactment or provision thereof according to its true intent, meaning and spirit.}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 (3) In this Article the term }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 enactment}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
 includes any Act of the Parliament of England or the Parliament of Great Britain or the Parliament of the United Kingdom, being an Act in force in the Cook Islands, and any regulation, rule, order, or other instrument made thereunder.}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9507010 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par The Defendants place reliance on:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 34. }{
\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Procedure
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
(5) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may from time to time make, amend, and repeal Standing Orders for the regulation and orderly conduct of its proceedings and the dispatch of business.}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796\charrsid9507010 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid9507010 36. }{
\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Privileges of Parliament and of its members}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid8011511  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8011511 -}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  (1) the validity of any proceedings in Parliament or in any committee thereof shall not be questioned in any Court.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 (2) No officer or member or Speaker of Parliament in wh
om powers are vested for the regulation of procedure or the conduct of business or the maintenance of order shall in relation to the exercise by him of any of those powers be subject to the jurisdiction of any Court.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 (3) No member or Speaker of Parliament
 and no person entitled to speak therein shall be liable to any proceedings in any Court in respect of anything said or any vote given by him in Parliament or in any committee thereof.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid8011511 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 (4) No person shall be liable to any proceedings in any Court in respe
ct of the publication by or under the authority of Parliament of any report, paper, vote or proceeding.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6365326 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
(5) Subject to the provisions of this Article, the privileges of Parliament and of the committees thereof, and the privileges of members and the Speaker of Parliament and of the persons entitled to speak t}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid6365326 herein may be determined by Act:}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6365326 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
Provided that no such privilege of Parliament or of any committee thereof may extend to the imposition of a fine or to committal to prison for contempt or otherwise,
 unless provision is made by enactment for the trial and punishment of the person concerned by the High Court.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Reference also needs to be made to s.4A of the Legislative Assembly Powers and Privileges Act 1967:

\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6365326 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 4A}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid6379884 .}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Privileges of Assembly}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid6379884  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid6379884\charrsid6379884 - }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Subject to the 
provisions of the Constitution, the Assembly and the Committees and Members thereof shall have, hold, enjoy and exercise the like privileges, immunities and powers as are held, enjoyed and exercised by the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Brita
i
n and Northern Ireland and by the Committees and Members thereof whether such privileges, immunities and powers are held, possessed or enjoyed by custom, statute or otherwise, and the Leader of the House may at any time give such instructions as may be ne
cessary to ensure the orderly progress of parliamentary business and which are authorised or notified by the Assembly.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par The jurisdiction of the High Court is contained in Article 47 of the Constitution and, }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 in }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
particular, Article 47(2):
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6365326 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 47}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid6379884 . }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 (2)}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid14111359  }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 Except as}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid6365326  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 provided }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 in this Constitution or by law,}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  the High Court shall have all such jurisdiction, }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 including}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  jurisdiction (both civil jurisdiction, }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 including}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 jurisdiction in}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  relation to land, and criminal }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 jurisdiction)}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  as may be necessary to administer }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 the law in force in the}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Cook Islands.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par Finally in respect of the principal statutory provisions, reference was made to Article 9 of the Bill of Rights 1688 (Eng.):
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid6365326 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 That the f}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 reedom of speech and debates or proceedings in Parliament ought not to be impeach}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid81167 ed or questioned in any Court or}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  place out of Parliament.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 The Constitutional Principles
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 In a full and careful submission Dr Barton on behalf of the Defendants placed great 
reliance upon the words of Article 36(1) set out above, and upon the cases in England }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 in particular which have, in eff}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 ect}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 , upheld the principle of the f}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
reedom of proceedings in Parliament from the scrutiny of the Courts. I do not refer in detail to those c
ases because the general principle appearing from them is well recognised and has not been contested in this case. The real question, however, concerns what truly are the }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 proceedings}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
 of Parliament and whether the principle is absolute or permitting of exceptions.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
I have derived considerable assistance from some decisions of Courts in countries which, like the Cook Islands, have a written constitution. In particular, a decision of the Supreme Court of Zimbabwe is one with marked similarities to the presen
t case. This was the case of }{\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Smith v Mutasa & Another}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid11144383  }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
(1990) 1 LRC (Const.) 87. It concerned the former Prime Minister of Zimbabwe (previously Southern Rhodesia) who was a member of the House of Assembly of the new country. He had, while visiting the United Kingdom}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid11144383 ,}{\b\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
made remarks derogatory of the black people and their representatives in Zimbabwe. He was found guilty of a contempt of Parliament. He subsequently made further remarks of a similar kind and was then suspended by the House of Assembly for a year
 and deprived of his salary and allowances. He applied to the High Court for an order restoring his salary and allowances. The Speaker gave a certificate that the matter was one of privilege and the High Court held that the proceedings should thereupon be
 stayed on the basis that they had been finally determined. On appeal from the decision the Supreme Court allowed the appeal on the ground that there was no legal authority for the suspension of the remuneration.
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
While the Supreme Court was prepared to uphold the right of Parliament to deal with matters of privilege without scrutiny by the courts, and upheld also the principle of the supremacy of Parliament, it drew a distinction in the case of Parliament having a
c
ted unlawfully and contrary to its constitution. In that case Parliament had the power to deal with Smith in respect of his remarks as a matter of privilege, but none of the prescribed penalties for such a matter included the power to suspend salary. Parl
iament had accordingly purported to act beyond its legal powers, and the Supreme Court was prepared to accept jurisdiction to deal with the matter.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
That decision is one of compelling persuasion in the present case. If it is the case that the Committee purp
orted to deal with the Plaintiff on 23 August for an offence which did not come into existence until the following day (and for present purposes we must accept that it did so) then the Committee was acting contrary to the provisions of Article 65(1)(g) an
d so in a manner which was unconstitutional. In such circumstances it must be proper for the Court to intervene.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 In }{\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Smith v Mutasa}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid11144383  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 the Court summarised the position at p.94 in}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 this way:
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1844101 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 The Constitution of Zimbabwe i}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid6433666 s the supreme law of the land. I}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 t is true}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid6433666  that Parliament is supreme in}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  the legislative field assigned to it by the Constitution, but even then Parliament cannot step outside the bounds }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 of the authority prescribed }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 to it by the Constitution.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 This comment has obvious application to the present case.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 To similar effect are the observations of Barwick C J in }{
\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Cormack v Cope}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid6433666  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
(1974) 131 CLR 432 at p.453:
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1844101 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Whilst it may be true the Co}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12130950 urt will not interfere in what I would call the intra-}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 mural delibe
rative activities of the Parliament, it has both a right and a duty to interfere if the constitutionally required process of law making is not properly carried out.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid1844101 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 And later, at p.454:
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li720\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid1844101 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
Second, it is not the case in Australia, as it is in the United Kingdom, that the judiciary will restrain itself from inte}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 rference in any part of the law-}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 making process of the Parliament. Whilst the Court will not interfere }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12130950 in what I have called the intra-mural}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  deliberative activities of the House, including what Isaacs called 'intermediate procedure' and the 'ord}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12130950 
er of events between the House'}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
, there is no Parliamentary privilege which can stand in the way of this Court's right and duty to ensure that the constitutionally provided methods of law making are observed.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid1844101 While }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid1844101 
there may be considerable doubt as to the Plaintiff's claim that he had the right to representation by counsel before the Committee, there seems little doub}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid1844101\charrsid1844101 
t that, accepting the facts as }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid1844101 
pleaded, there was never any constitutional right for Parliament to have dealt with the Plaintiff for an offence which did not exist at the time it was alleged to have been committed, nor to have imposed an indefinite suspension in the absence of any prov
ision in the Constitution permitting such a course.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid1844101 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid1844101 Notwithstanding the characteristically thorough ar}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid1844101\charrsid1844101 g}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid1844101 ument presented on behalf of the Defendants}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid1844101\charrsid1844101 
,}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid1844101  I am satisfied that this Court has both the jurisdiction and the duty to allow the Plaintiff's action to proceed. Perhaps I should add that, if the facts are indeed as }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid1844101 pleaded, }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid1844101 then appropriate steps could well be taken for the Defendants to correct }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid1844101 what has happened without }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid1844101 the need for the action to proceed further.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 The members of the Court being}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  }
{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 agreed on the result}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 ,}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid1844101  t}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 he Defendants' application to strike out is declined, with costs to the Plaintiff.
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 
\par }{\b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 JUDGMENT OF BARKER JA
\par 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 I}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  agree with the judgment of Quillia}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid1844101 m}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  JA}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  which I}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
 have read in advance. However, in view o}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 f the importance of the issue, I}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  add some observations of my own.

\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
Quilliam JA's judgment sets out the relevant constitutional provisions, and the allegations in the statement of claim which the defendants seek to have struck out. It is not necessary therefore for me to reproduce these.
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Nor is it necessary to discuss the hallowed English authority of }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Bradlaugh v Gossett (1881) 12 }{
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid83127 QBD }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 271,}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid83127  }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 accepted in all Commonwealth jurisdictions where the matter of Parliamentary privilege has been considered by the Courts.
\par 
\par The essent}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 ial point is to distinguish bet}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid83127 ween }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid83127 the intra-}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 mural}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid14111359  }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 deliberative activities of the Parliament}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  and }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 the constitutionally required process.}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  Barwick CJ in }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Cormack v Cope, (1974), 131 }{
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid83127 CLR }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 432, 453, }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
was the author of the expressions just used. He was referring to the process of law making but his comments apply to the constitutionally required processes:
\par 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid83127 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 (a)\tab }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 th}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid83127 at Parliament, within its intra-}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 mural deliberative activities }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  tries}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
persons for offences which were offences at the time of commission
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid83127 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 and}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid83127\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-698\li1418\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin1418\itap0\pararsid83127 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid83127 (b)\tab }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 that the punishmen
t imposed by Parliament be one which comes}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 within the limits that Parliament had placed on itself. The Court can
}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 interfere only when the constitutionally required process has not}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 been honoured.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 The landmark case in the Supreme Court of Zimbabwe, }{
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Smith v Mutasa (1990) 1 }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid83127 LRC (Const) }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 87}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid83127  is }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
totally appropriate since Zimbabwe, like the Cook Islands, has a written constitution. The Court held it could interfere where a Parliamentary Privileges Committee had imposed a penalty which, under the relevant legislation
, the Committee had no power to impose. The Court made clear that it could not interfere with the process whereby a Parliamentary Committee dealt with a member, provided its processes were valid in law, and that the penalty was one open to the Committee t
o
 impose. However, in this case, it is alleged by the plaintiff that there was no offence in existence at the time of the incident for which he appeared before Parliament, and more importantly, that there was no power the Parliament to impose an indefinite
 suspension.
\par 
\par Counsel for the defendants sought to distinguish }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Smith v Mutasa }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 on the basis there was no
 equivalent in Zimbabwe to Article }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid83127 471}{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 (2)}{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid14111359  }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 of }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid83127 the Cook Islands Constitution. I}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
 fail to see how that omission is material. Counsel submitted that, in }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 s}{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid83127  }{
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 36(1) }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 of the Constitution, the word }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 valid}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  should be inserted before the word }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 proceedings}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid5075796 "}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  if }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid83127 the plaintiff were to succeed. I}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
 do not find this result surprising. It is a necessary consequence of holding that}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid83127  }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 the Constitution entitles }{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 the Court to consider whether Parliament is acting within its rights.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 As was pointed out in }{\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Mutasa's 
}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 case, the Court can declare whether or not a particular matter comes within the scope of Parliamentary privilege, but the contr}{
\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 ol of Parliament over internal}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  proceedings is absolute on the }{
\i\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 Bradlaugh v Gossett }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 authority.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
So far as the recommendation that the plaintiff apologise, the Committee could doubtless make a recommendation but it had no power of punishment if the recommendation were not accepte
d by the plaintiff. The right to counsel before the Parliamentary Committee was a matter for the internal forum of Parliament; it is not something which the Courts can consider.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 I}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
 agree with Quilliam JA that the defendants' ap}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid12725920\charrsid3957499 plication should be dismissed. I}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
 express the hope that a sensible resolution of this matter can now eventuate without the need for continuing the litigation. Apart from anything else, it is unfortunate that the citizens in the electorate represented by the plaintiff should be deprived
 of representation in Parliament because Parliament has imposed a suspension on their member which it was not entitled to impose.
\par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
\par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3957499 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid10690969\charrsid3957499 JUDGEMENT OF DILLON J.}{\b\f0\fs24\ul\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499 
A.
\par 
\par }{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid10690969\charrsid3957499 I}{\f0\fs24\lang2057\noproof0\langnp2057\insrsid8722496\charrsid3957499  agree with the judgment of Quilliam J.A. and only wish to add the following brief observations.
\par 
\par Because essential documentary evidence was not available severe constraints were imposed on the Defendants in moving to strike out these proceedings. Such difficulties however cannot be supplemented by lengthy explanations and detailed int
erpretations as contained in the further submissions that have now been filed by Counsel for the Defendants.
\par 
\par Those explanations and interpretations would be relevant in the substantive hearing which, however, may now not be necessary.
\par 
\par The application to strike out is declined.
\par }}