Firefighters v Stotts 135

467 US 561; 81 L Ed 2d 483; 104 SCt 2576

United States Supreme Court

United States

12th June, 1984

Cases Referring to this Case

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text	Citation Index
Everett Hadix v Patricia Caruso	[2008] USCA6 645	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	20 Oct 2008	WorldLII
Connecticut Office of Protection and Advocacy for Persons with Disabilities v Hartford Board of Education 05-1240 Cv	464 F3d 229	United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit	United States	15 Sep 2006	WorldLII
Camp Legal Defense Fund Inc v City of Atlanta	451 F3d 1257	United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit	United States	13 Jun 2006	WorldLII	4
Baltimore Emergency Services II Corporation v Pappg	432 F3d 557	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	20 Dec 2005	WorldLII	1
Tory v Cochran	544 US 734	United States Supreme Court	United States	31 May 2005	WorldLII	1
Mid-America Real Estate Co v Iowa Realty Co Inc	406 F3d 969	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	6 May 2005	WorldLII	1
Anderson v Evans US	371 F3d 475	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	7 Jun 2004	WorldLII	5
First Union National Bank v Pictet Overseas Trust Corporation Ltd Y Y	351 F3d 810	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	9 Dec 2003	WorldLII	4
Granite State Outdoor Advertising Inc v City of Clearwater Florida	351 F3d 1112	United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit	United States	28 Nov 2003	WorldLII	15
Rosen v Tennessee Commissioner of Finance and Administration	288 F3d 918	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	6 May 2002	WorldLII	2
Armco Inc v United Steelworkers of America	280 F3d 669	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	7 Feb 2002	WorldLII	8
Director of the Division of Child and Family Services, Defendants-Appellants	242 F3d 1206	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	9 Mar 2001	WorldLII	4
Jimmy Sinajini, Bill Joe Sinajini, Joe Lee Begay, and Herbert Begay, minors, through their parents and/or guardian, Lena Begay; Cecil Vijil, Shirley Vijil, Clara Lameman, through their parent and/or guardian, Leona Vijil; Holly Nez, Howard Nez, and Hannah Nez, minors, through their parent and/or guardian, Marion Nez; Gilbert Rockwell and Linda Rockwell, minors, through their parent and/or guardian, Lena Rockwell; Edith Bigman, Juanita Bigman, and Dorothy Bigman, minors, through their parent and/or guardian, Seth Bigman; Anthony Dee, minor, through his parent and/or guardian, Gray Dee; Howard Holiday and Peter Holiday, minors, through their parent and/or guardian, Teddy Holiday; Harold Vijil, Alfred Vijil, minors, through their parent and/or guardian, Tully Vijil; Ferrell Collins, Sherril Collins, and Ilene Collins, minors, through their parent and/or guardian, Martha Collins; Sarah Billy and Brenda Billy, minors, through their parent and/or guardian, John Billy; Leroy Atcitty; Patricia Dennison, a minor, through her parents Tom Dennison and Arlene Dennison; Jimmy Goodman, JR and Gilbert Woodman, minors, through their parents and/or guardians, Lucy Goodman and Jimmy Goodman; Elaine Williams and Lorinda Williams, minors, through their parent and/or guardian, Mary Ann Williams; the Red Mesa Chapter of the Navajo Tribe; and the Oljato Chapter of the Navajo Tribe, Plaintiffs - Appellants, and United States of America; Navajo Nation, Aneth Chapter; Natasha Livingston; Dawny Clark, Nathan Clark, and Latoya Clark, minors, through their parent and/or guardian, Sherrill Clark, Plaintiffs-Intervenors, v Board of Education of the San Juan School District; David Adams, Maxine Nielson, Harold Lyman, Tom Holiday, and Robert Billie, all individually and as members of the Board of Education of the San Juan School District; Kenneth Maughan, individually and as Superintendent of the San Juan School District; the San Juan County Commission; Dale Holmes, individually and as Chairman of the San Juan County Commission; William G Du		United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	30 Nov 2000	WorldLII
In Re: Diana Lynn Harvey, Debtor-Appellant	213 F3d 318	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	2 May 2000	WorldLII	1
"The 'best qualified' - for what? The place of affirmative action in a mission-focused New Zealand law school admissions policy"	[2000] NZYbkNZJur 5	MacKinnon, Ken	New Zealand	circa 2000	NZLII
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Plaintiff-Appellee, Dashiell Nowell Ballard, Fay Chan, Mary Flynn, Hugette Watson, Jerald Diggs, and Certain Other Casuals, Intervenors-Plaintiffs-Appellees, v New York Times Co and New York Newspaper Printing Pressmen's Union	196 F3d 72	United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit	United States	23 Nov 1999	WorldLII	4
Corine Scott, Cecile Clue, Robert Cantrell, John Krut, Tim Schermerhorn, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v Ronald Meyers, Nathaniel Ford, Carmen Suardy, New York City Transit Authority (Nycta), Defendants-Appellants, Raymond D Goodman, Roland Shelton, Dewey Gallese, Timothy Rohanan, Richard Jenkins, Ronald Pain, John Does, 1 - 3, Defendants	191 F3d 82	United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit	United States	25 Aug 1999	WorldLII	2
Chicago Housing Authority v Federal Security Inc	161 F3d 485	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	27 Nov 1998	WorldLII	2
Dailey v Vought Aircraft Co	141 F3d 224	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	12 May 1998	WorldLII	8
Rumpke of Indiana Inc v Cummins Engine Co Inc	107 F3d 1235	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	19 Feb 1997	WorldLII	17
Harrison v Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County Tennessee	80 F3d 1107	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	8 Apr 1996	WorldLII	23
McClendon Em Rl Wa Dj Ps Nw v City of Albuquerque	79 F3d 1014	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	2 Apr 1996	WorldLII	6
White v Alabama	74 F3d 1058	United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit	United States	24 Jan 1996	WorldLII	10
Langton v Hogan	71 F3d 930	United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit	United States	14 Dec 1995	WorldLII	3
Huguley v General Motors Corporation	67 F3d 129; 64 USLW 2230; 66 Empl Prac Dec P 43,736	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	10 Oct 1995	WorldLII	3
Hadix v Johnson	[1995] USCA6 1421	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	20 Sep 1995	WorldLII
New England Health Care Employees Union v Mount Sinai Hospital	65 F3d 1024; 19 Employee Benefits Cas 1809; 64 USLW 2208	United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit	United States	11 Sep 1995	WorldLII	10
United States v Lee	[1995] USCA6 1218	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	7 Aug 1995	WorldLII
Bishopp v District of Columbia	57 F3d 1088; 313 USApp DC 3	United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit	United States - District of Columbia	16 Jun 1995	WorldLII
Aiken v City of Memphis	37 F3d 1155	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	6 Oct 1994	WorldLII	14
Ensley Branch, NAACP v Seibels	31 F3d 1548; 65 Empl Prac Dec P 43,432	United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit	United States	25 Aug 1994	WorldLII	29
United States v Southern Florida Water Management District Kwb & a	28 F3d 1563	United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit	United States	23 Aug 1994	WorldLII	1
Vanguards of Cleveland v City of Cleveland	23 F3d 1013	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	6 May 1994	WorldLII	7
Harley-Davidson Inc v Morris	19 F3d 142; 30 USPQ2d 1165	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	21 Mar 1994	WorldLII	9
Evans v City of Chicago	10 F3d 474; 62 USLW 2359	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	24 Nov 1993	WorldLII	26
Crumpton v Bridgeport Education Association	993 F2d 1023	United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit	United States	17 May 1993	WorldLII	5
Heath v DeCourcy	992 F2d 630; 25 Fed RServ3d 953	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	30 Apr 1993	WorldLII	9
Johnson v L Robinson	987 F2d 1043	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	22 Feb 1993	WorldLII	4
United States v Lee	[1993] USCA6 54	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	12 Jan 1993	WorldLII
Lorain Naacp v Lorain Board of Education	979 F2d 1141; 79 Ed Law Rep 41	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	5 Jan 1993	WorldLII	24
United Black Firefighters Ass'n v City of Akron	976 F2d 999	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	29 Dec 1992	WorldLII	7
Council American Federation of State County and Municipal Employees v Ward E	978 F2d 373	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	28 Oct 1992	WorldLII	10
Stone v City and County of San Francisco	968 F2d 850; 24 Fed RServ3d 98	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	25 Aug 1992	WorldLII	33
Intlekofer v Turnage	973 F2d 773	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	24 Aug 1992	WorldLII	16
Billish v City of Chicago T Chicago Fire Fighters Union Local	962 F2d 1269	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	8 Jul 1992	WorldLII	1
People Who Care v Rockford Board of Education	961 F2d 1335	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	22 Apr 1992	WorldLII	13
Rufo v Inmates of Suffolk County Jail	502 US 367; 116 L Ed 2d 867; 112 SCt 748	United States Supreme Court	United States	15 Jan 1992	WorldLII	164
Stuart v Roache	951 F2d 446	United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit	United States	23 Dec 1991	WorldLII	19
Penthouse International Ltd v A Meese III	939 F2d 1011; 60 USLW 2100; 291 USApp DC 183	United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit	United States - District of Columbia	24 Sep 1991	WorldLII	17
Sweeton v Brown	[1991] USCA6 1769	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	17 Sep 1991	WorldLII
Brunet v City of Columbus	[1991] USCA6 1723	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	11 Sep 1991	WorldLII
United States v Michigan	940 F2d 143; 20 Fed RServ3d 576	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	2 Jul 1991	WorldLII	20
Webster v Sowders	928 F2d 1134	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	26 Mar 1991	WorldLII	5
Youngblood v Dalzell J a	925 F2d 954; 55 Empl Prac Dec P 40,567	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	14 Feb 1991	WorldLII	10
Thompson v Enomoto	915 F2d 1383	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	4 Oct 1990	WorldLII	9
Walker v United States Department of Housing and Urban Development	912 F2d 819	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	27 Sep 1990	WorldLII	17
United States v L McPeck	910 F2d 509; 66 AFTR2d 90-5390; 59 USLW 2182	United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit	United States	27 Aug 1990	WorldLII	4
United States v Oregon	913 F2d 576	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	27 Aug 1990	WorldLII	31
Naacp Detroit Branch v Detroit Police Officers Association a	900 F2d 903; 53 Empl Prac Dec P 39,797; 52 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1001	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	18 Jun 1990	WorldLII	6
Akers v Ohio Department of Liquor Control	902 F2d 477; 53 Empl Prac Dec P 39,917; 52 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1410	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	8 May 1990	WorldLII	8
Halderman Halderman v Pennhurst State School & Hospital	901 F2d 311	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	17 Apr 1990	WorldLII	13
United States v L McPeck	910 F2d 509; 66 AFTR2d 90-5390; 59 USLW 2182	United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit	United States	27 Aug 1990	WorldLII	4
Davis v City and County of San Francisco	890 F2d 1438; 15 Fed RServ3d 782; 52 Empl Prac Dec P 39,498; 51 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1542	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	4 Dec 1989	WorldLII	26
Washington Hosp v White	889 F2d 1294	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	24 Nov 1989	WorldLII	13
Heath v DeCourcy	888 F2d 1105	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	3 Nov 1989	WorldLII	16
Martin v Wilks	490 US 755; 104 L Ed 2d 835; 109 SCt 2180	United States Supreme Court	United States	11 Aug 1989	WorldLII	111
Messer v Curci W	881 F2d 219; 58 USLW 2093	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	25 Jul 1989	WorldLII	7
Shurberg Broadcasting of Hartford, Inc v FCC	876 F2d 902; 278 USApp DC 24; 57 USLW 2571	United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit	United States - District of Columbia	16 Jun 1989	WorldLII	8
Price Waterhouse v Hopkins	490 US 228; 104 L Ed 2d 268; 109 SCt 1775	United States Supreme Court	United States	1 May 1989	WorldLII	635
Jones v Truck Drivers Local Union No	838 F2d 856; 45 Empl Prac Dec P 37,778; 45 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1721	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	21 Mar 1989	WorldLII	8
Stotts v Memphis Fire Department W	858 F2d 289; 47 Empl Prac Dec P 38,288; 47 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1701; 57 USLW 2263	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	6 Dec 1988	WorldLII	15
Twelve John Does v District of Columbia	861 F2d 295; 274 USApp DC 62	United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit	United States - District of Columbia	18 Nov 1988	WorldLII	6
Jackson/charvel Inc v Gibson Guitar Corporation	[1988] USCA6 2200	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	18 Nov 1988	WorldLII
Chemical Manufacturers Association v US Environmental Protection Agency	859 F2d 977	United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit	United States	21 Oct 1988	WorldLII	3
Walsdorf v Board of Commissioners for the East Jefferson Levee District	857 F2d 1047; 48 Empl Prac Dec P 38,402; 48 Fair Empl Prac Cas 209	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	18 Oct 1988	WorldLII	6
Pitre v Western Electric Co Inc	843 F2d 1262; 46 Empl Prac Dec P 37,882; 51 Fair Empl Prac Cas 656	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	23 Sep 1988	WorldLII	39
Commerce Oil Co Word v Commerce Oil Co K	847 F2d 291	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	23 May 1988	WorldLII	3
San Francisco Police Officers' Association v City and County of San Francisco P R	842 F2d 1126; 46 Empl Prac Dec P 37,933; 46 Fair Empl Prac Cas 636	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	24 Mar 1988	WorldLII	1
Michigan Road Builders Association Inc v G Milliken	832 F2d 1150; 56 USLW 2315; 46 Empl Prac Dec P 37,874	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	23 Feb 1988	WorldLII	2
Catlett v Missouri Highway and Transportation Commission	828 F2d 1260; 45 Empl Prac Dec P 37,652; 45 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1627	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	23 Oct 1987	WorldLII	28
Wisconsin Hospital Association v Reivitz P	820 F2d 863	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	19 May 1987	WorldLII	9
Britton v South Bend Community School Corporation	819 F2d 766; 39 Ed Law Rep 1025; 55 USLW 2659; 43 Empl Prac Dec P 37,104; 43 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1483	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	18 May 1987	WorldLII	7
Maine Central Railroad Co v Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Employees	55 USLW 2519	United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit	United States	12 Mar 1987	WorldLII	4
Hammon v S Barry Dc Byrne	813 F2d 412; 259 USApp DC 50; 42 Empl Prac Dec P 36,804; 43 Fair Empl Prac Cas 89; 55 USLW 2473	United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit	United States - District of Columbia	27 Feb 1987	WorldLII	5
Lelsz v Kavanagh	807 F2d 1243	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	21 Jan 1987	WorldLII	20
Maine Central Railroad Co v Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Employees	55 USLW 2519	United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit	United States	12 Mar 1987	WorldLII	4
Youngblood v W Dalzell	804 F2d 360; 55 USLW 2292; 41 Empl Prac Dec P 36,668; 42 Fair Empl Prac Cas 415	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	7 Nov 1986	WorldLII	3
Edinger and Son Inc v City of Louisville Kentucky	802 F2d 213; 55 USLW 2221	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	1 Oct 1986	WorldLII	4
Hanson v Veterans Administration	800 F2d 1381; 55 USLW 2262	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	29 Sep 1986	WorldLII	8
United States v City of Chicago Augustus Baker	796 F2d 205; 5 Fed RServ3d 494; 40 Empl Prac Dec P 36,292; 41 Fair Empl Prac Cas 378	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	27 Aug 1986	WorldLII	4
Lamphere v Brown University W Seidman	798 F2d 532; 34 Ed Law Rep 371; 41 Empl Prac Dec P 36,434; 41 Fair Empl Prac Cas 828	United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit	United States	15 Aug 1986	WorldLII	2
Miller v Fairchild Indus , Inc	797 F2d 727; 41 Empl Prac Dec P 36,501; 41 Fair Empl Prac Cas 809	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	12 Aug 1986	WorldLII	93
Stones v Los Angeles Community College District E	796 F2d 270; 33 Ed Law Rep 1046; 41 Empl Prac Dec P 36,563; 41 Fair Empl Prac Cas 710	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	1 Aug 1986	WorldLII	8
Int'l Ass'n of Firefighters v City of Cleveland	478 US 501; 92 L Ed 2d 405; 106 SCt 3063	United States Supreme Court	United States	2 Jul 1986	WorldLII	137
Sheet Metal Workers v EEOC	478 US 421; 92 L Ed 2d 344; 106 SCt 3019; [1986] Yates Sel Cas 355	United States Supreme Court	United States - New York	2 Jul 1986	WorldLII	76
Wygant v Jackson Board of Education	476 US 267; 90 L Ed 2d 260; 106 SCt 1842	United States Supreme Court	United States	30 Jun 1986	WorldLII	184
Thornburgh v American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists	476 US 747; 90 L Ed 2d 779; 106 SCt 2169	United States Supreme Court	United States	11 Jun 1986	WorldLII	121
Evans v Jeff D	475 US 717; 89 L Ed 2d 747; 106 SCt 1531	United States Supreme Court	United States	9 Jun 1986	WorldLII	106
Sealy Mattress Co of Michigan Incorporated v Sealy Incorporated	789 F2d 582	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	29 Apr 1986	WorldLII
Banks v M Burkich	788 F2d 1161; 31 Ed Law Rep 1087	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	18 Apr 1986	WorldLII	10
Keith v Volpe	784 F2d 1457	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	20 Mar 1986	WorldLII	14
Howard v L McLucas American Federation of Government Employees	782 F2d 956; 39 Empl Prac Dec P 36,029; 3 Fed RServ3d 1533; 40 Fair Empl Prac Cas 255; 54 USLW 2447	United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit	United States	20 Feb 1986	WorldLII	12
Massachusetts Association of Afro-American Police Inc v Boston Police Department Boston Police Detectives Benevolent Society	780 F2d 5; 39 Empl Prac Dec P 35,839; 39 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1048	United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit	United States	20 Dec 1985	WorldLII
United States v National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Inc P J S	779 F2d 881; 38 Empl Prac Dec P 35,784; 39 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1168; 54 USLW 2367	United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit	United States	19 Dec 1985	WorldLII	1
Bibbs v Block	778 F2d 1318; 54 USLW 2336; 39 Empl Prac Dec P 35,812; 83 ALRFed 243; 39 Fair Empl Prac Cas 970	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	11 Dec 1985	WorldLII	31
Ja Croson Co v City of Richmond Ja Croson Co	779 F2d 181; 38 Empl Prac Dec P 35,760; 54 USLW 2356	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	25 Nov 1985	WorldLII	4
Britton v South Bend Community School Corporation	775 F2d 794; 28 Ed Law Rep 92; 54 USLW 2235; 38 Empl Prac Dec P 35,679; 39 Fair Empl Prac Cas 170	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	21 Oct 1985	WorldLII	1
United States v City of Cincinnati	771 F2d 161; 37 Empl Prac Dec P 35,463; 38 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1402	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	16 Oct 1985	WorldLII	4
Ratner v Sioux Natural Gas Corporation	770 F2d 512	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	12 Sep 1985	WorldLII	11
Carl W Stotts, v Memphis Fire Department	[1985] USCA6 1204	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	11 Sep 1985	WorldLII	1
Johnson v Transportation Agency Santa Clara County California	770 F2d 752; 41 Empl Prac Dec P 36,478; 41 Fair Empl Prac Cas 481	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	5 Sep 1985	WorldLII	6
Charlie W Gooden v Illinois Central Gulf Railroad and Brotherhood Railway Carmen	[1985] USCA6 1180	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	3 Sep 1985	WorldLII
Berger v Heckler	771 F2d 1556	United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit	United States	26 Aug 1985	WorldLII	44
Paradise v Prescott Ve	767 F2d 1514; 37 Empl Prac Dec P 35,484; 38 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1094	United States Court of Appeals, Eleventh Circuit	United States	12 Aug 1985	WorldLII	7
Deveraux v J Geary	765 F2d 268; 3 Fed RServ3d 479; 37 Empl Prac Dec P 35,344; 38 Fair Empl Prac Cas 23	United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit	United States	24 Jun 1985	WorldLII	7
Lujan v Franklin County Board of Education	766 F2d 917; 26 Ed Law Rep 93; 54 USLW 2014; 37 Empl Prac Dec P 35,337; 38 Fair Empl Prac Cas 9	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	17 Jun 1985	WorldLII	7
Vanguards of Cleveland v City of Cleveland Iaff	753 F2d 479; 53 USLW 2384; 36 Empl Prac Dec P 35,190; 36 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1431	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	22 Apr 1985	WorldLII	16
Bushey v New York State Civil Service Commission	469 US 1117; 83 L Ed 2d 795; 105 SCt 803	United States Supreme Court	United States	25 Feb 1985	WorldLII	10
Diaz v American Telephone & Telegraph	752 F2d 1356; 40 Fed RServ2d 1428; 36 Empl Prac Dec P 34,960; 36 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1742	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	29 Jan 1985	WorldLII	44
Monsanto Co v Ruckelshaus	753 F2d 649	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	24 Jan 1985	WorldLII	2
Van Aken v A Young	750 F2d 43; 35 Empl Prac Dec P 34,841; 36 Fair Empl Prac Cas 777	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	13 Dec 1984	WorldLII	5
HF Allen Orchards v United States	749 F2d 1571	United States Court of Appeals, Federal Circuit	United States	10 Dec 1984	WorldLII	16
Boston Chapter Naacp v B Beecher Castro	749 F2d 102; 35 Empl Prac Dec P 34,834; 36 Fair Empl Prac Cas 771	United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit	United States	7 Dec 1984	WorldLII	2
Johnson v Transportation Agency Santa Clara County California	748 F2d 1308; 53 USLW 2312; 35 Empl Prac Dec P 34,819	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	4 Dec 1984	WorldLII	4
Peters v Lieuallen	746 F2d 1390; 20 Ed Law Rep 1139; 35 Empl Prac Dec P 34,823; 36 Fair Empl Prac Cas 524	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	9 Nov 1984	WorldLII	9
Wygant v Jackson Board of Education Jackson Michigan F	746 F2d 1152; 20 Ed Law Rep 1124; 53 USLW 2236; 35 Empl Prac Dec P 34,729; 36 Fair Empl Prac Cas 153	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	25 Oct 1984	WorldLII	14
National Wildlife Federation v M Gorsuch II E 08625 Po 07643 Po 07643 07105 07105 Po Po 07036 H 07202 07202 Po 08872 Po 08872 Po 227-E 07065 Po 227-E 07065	744 F2d 963	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	20 Sep 1984	WorldLII	3
Davis v Combustion Engineering Inc	742 F2d 916; 16 Fed REvid Serv 223; 35 Empl Prac Dec P 34,585; 74 ALRFed 727; 35 Fair Empl Prac Cas 975	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	16 Aug 1984	WorldLII	49
Alliance to End Repression v City of Chicago	742 F2d 1007	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	8 Aug 1984	WorldLII	34
Carlile v South Routt School District Re-3j in County of Routt Colorado	739 F2d 1496; 19 Ed Law Rep 71; 34 Empl Prac Dec P 34,568; 35 Fair Empl Prac Cas 689	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	2 Aug 1984	WorldLII	9
Kromnick v School District of Philadelphia	739 F2d 894; 19 Ed Law Rep 52; 34 Empl Prac Dec P 34,525; 35 Fair Empl Prac Cas 538	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	17 Jul 1984	WorldLII	9
Boston Firefighters Union Local 718 v Boston Chapter Naacp Inc Boston Police Patrolmen's Association Inc	468 US 1206; 104 SCt 3575; 82 L Ed 2d 873	United States Supreme Court	United States	5 Jul 1984	WorldLII	25
Berkemer v McCarty	468 US 420; 82 L Ed 2d 317; 104 SCt 3138; [1984] Thompson 516	United States Supreme Court	United States - Tennessee	2 Jul 1984	WorldLII	365
Segar v Smith	738 F2d 1249; 238 USApp DC 103; 34 Empl Prac Dec P 34,488; 35 Fair Empl Prac Cas 31	United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit	United States - District of Columbia	26 Jun 1984	WorldLII	64
Grann v City of Madison	738 F2d 786; 34 Empl Prac Dec P 34,517; 35 Fair Empl Prac Cas 296	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	25 Jun 1984	WorldLII	9

Law Journal Articles Referring to this Case

Journal Article Title	Citation(s)	Author	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text		Citation Index
"The 'best qualified' - for what? The place of affirmative action in a mission-focused New Zealand law school admissions policy"	[2000] NZYbkNZJur 5	MacKinnon, Ken	New Zealand	circa 2000	NZLII

Cases and Articles Cited

Case Name	Citation(s)	Court	Jurisdiction	Date †	Full Text	Citation Index
WR Grace & Co v Rubber Workers	461 US 757; 76 L Ed 2d 298; 103 SCt 2177; 51 USLW 4643	United States Supreme Court	United States	31 May 1983	WorldLII	258
City of Los Angeles v Lyons	461 US 95; 75 L Ed 2d 675; 103 SCt 1660	United States Supreme Court	United States	20 Apr 1983	WorldLII	569
Patterson v Greenwood School District T Lb	696 F2d 293; 8 Ed Law Rep 561; 30 Empl Prac Dec P 33,255; 30 Fair Empl Prac Cas 825	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	15 Dec 1982	WorldLII	11
General Building Contractors Association v Pennsylvania	458 US 375; 73 L Ed 2d 835; 102 SCt 3141	United States Supreme Court	United States	29 Jun 1982	WorldLII	188
Ford Motor Co v EEOC	458 US 219; 73 L Ed 2d 721; 102 SCt 3057	United States Supreme Court	United States	28 Jun 1982	WorldLII	157
Stotts v Memphis Fire Department	679 F2d 541; 28 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1491; 28 Empl Prac Dec P 32,679	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	7 May 1982	WorldLII	31
Thompson v Sawyer	678 F2d 257; 28 Empl Prac Dec P 32,668; 28 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1614; 94 Lab Cas 34,186; 219 USApp DC 393	United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit	United States	27 Apr 1982	WorldLII	44
American Tobacco Co v Patterson	456 US 63; 71 L Ed 2d 748; 102 SCt 1534	United States Supreme Court	United States	5 Apr 1982	WorldLII	197
Chisholm v United States Postal Service	665 F2d 482; 27 Empl Prac Dec P 32,250; 27 Fair Empl Prac Cas 425	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	25 Nov 1981	WorldLII	27
United States v City of Chicago	663 F2d 1354; 27 Empl Prac Dec P 32,253; 27 Fair Empl Prac Cas 177	United States Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit	United States	2 Nov 1981	WorldLII	24
New York State Liquor Authority v Bellanca	452 US 714; 69 L Ed 2d 357; 101 SCt 2599; 69 L Ed 357	United States Supreme Court	United States	22 Jun 1981	WorldLII	38
University of Texas v Camenisch	451 US 390; 68 L Ed 2d 175; 101 SCt 1830	United States Supreme Court	United States	29 Apr 1981	WorldLII	197
Carson v American Brands, Inc	450 US 79; 67 L Ed 2d 59; 101 SCt 993	United States Supreme Court	United States	25 Feb 1981	WorldLII	287
United States v City of Alexandria	614 F2d 1358; 22 Empl Prac Dec P 30,829; 22 Fair Empl Prac Cas 872	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	10 Apr 1980	WorldLII	32
Firefighters Institute for Racial Equality v City of St Louis Missouri	616 F2d 350; 22 Empl Prac Dec P 30,571; 21 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1140	United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit	United States	9 Apr 1980	WorldLII	12
United States v Lee Way Motor Freight Inc	625 F2d 918; 21 Empl Prac Dec P 30,286; 20 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1345	United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit	United States	21 Sep 1979	WorldLII	26
United Steelworkers of America v Weber	443 US 193; 61 L Ed 2d 480; 99 SCt 2721	United States Supreme Court	United States	27 Jun 1979	WorldLII	227
County of Los Angeles v Davis	440 US 625; 99 SCt 1379; 59 L Ed 2d 642; 59 L Ed 642	United States Supreme Court	United States	27 Mar 1979	WorldLII	292
Regents of the University of California v Bakke	438 US 265; 57 L Ed 2d 750; 98 SCt 2733	United States Supreme Court	United States	28 Jun 1978	WorldLII	384
Milliken v Bradley	433 US 267; 53 L Ed 2d 745; 97 SCt 2749	United States Supreme Court	United States	27 Jun 1977	WorldLII	256
International Brotherhood of Teamsters v United States	431 US 324; 52 L Ed 2d 396; 97 SCt 1843; [1977] Dillon 746	United States Supreme Court	United States	31 May 1977	WorldLII	1034
Pasadena City Board of Education v Spangler	427 US 424; 384 FSupp 846; 49 L Ed 2d 599; 96 SCt 2697	United States Supreme Court	United States	28 Jun 1976	WorldLII	152
McDonald v Santa Fe Trail Transportation Co	427 US 273; 49 L Ed 2d 493; 96 SCt 2574	United States Supreme Court	United States	25 Jun 1976	WorldLII	249
Washington v Davis	426 US 229; 48 L Ed 2d 597; 44 USLW 4789; 96 SCt 2040	United States Supreme Court	United States	7 Jun 1976	WorldLII	690
Franks v Bowman Transportation Co	424 US 747; 44 USLW 4356; 47 L Ed 2d 444; 96 SCt 1251; 47 L Ed 444	United States Supreme Court	United States	24 Mar 1976	WorldLII	422
Patterson v American Tobacco Co	535 F2d 257; 11 Empl Prac Dec P 10,728; 12 Fair Empl Prac Cas 314	United States Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit	United States	23 Feb 1976	WorldLII	73
Day v Mathews	530 F2d 1083; 174 USApp DC 231; 11 Empl Prac Dec P 10,725; 12 Fair Empl Prac Cas 1131	United States Court of Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit	United States	23 Feb 1976	WorldLII	43
Doran v Salem Inn, Inc	422 US 922; 45 L Ed 2d 648; 95 SCt 2561	United States Supreme Court	United States	30 Jun 1975	WorldLII	290
Boston Chapter, NAACP, Inc v Beecher	504 F2d 1017; 8 Fair Empl Prac Cas 855; 371 FSupp 507	United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit	United States	8 Nov 1974	WorldLII	46
Rios v Enterprise Association Steamfitters Local of Ua United Atates	501 F2d 622; 8 Fair Empl Prac Cas 293	United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit	United States	24 Jun 1974	WorldLII	38
DeFunis v Odegaard	416 US 312; 40 L Ed 2d 164; 94 SCt 1704	United States Supreme Court	United States	23 Apr 1974	WorldLII	313
Super Tire Engineering Co v McCorkle	416 US 115; 40 L Ed 2d 1; 94 SCt 1694; 42 USLW 4507	United States Supreme Court	United States	16 Apr 1974	WorldLII	170
Alexander v Gardner-Denver Co	415 US 36; 39 L Ed 2d 147; 94 SCt 1011; 39 L Ed 147	United States Supreme Court	United States	19 Feb 1974	WorldLII	625
Roe v Wade	410 US 113; 35 L Ed 2d 147; (1973) 41 USLW 4213; 93 SCt 705; 117 Idaho 118	United States Supreme Court	United States	26 Feb 1973	WorldLII	992
United States v Armour & Co	402 US 673; 29 L Ed 2d 256; 91 SCt 1752; 29 L Ed 256	United States Supreme Court	United States	1 Jun 1971	WorldLII	183
United States v Ironworkers Local	443 F2d 544; 3 Fair Empl Prac Cas 496	United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit	United States	17 May 1971	WorldLII	78
King v Laborers International Union of North America Union Local No	443 F2d 273	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	13 May 1971	WorldLII	17
Contractors Association of Eastern Pennsylvania v Secretary of Labor	442 F2d 159; 3 Fair Empl Prac Cas 395	United States Court of Appeals, Third Circuit	United States	22 Apr 1971	WorldLII	58
United States v International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local	428 F2d 144	United States Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit	United States	19 Jun 1970	WorldLII	50
Local United Papermakers and Paperworkers v United States	416 F2d 980; 2 Empl Prac Dec P 10,092; 1 Fair Empl Prac Cas 875	United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit	United States	1 Oct 1969	WorldLII	97
Powell v McCormack	395 US 486; 23 L Ed 2d 491; 89 SCt 1944	United States Supreme Court	United States	16 Jun 1969	WorldLII	512
Carroll v President and Commissioners of Princess Anne	393 US 175; 21 L Ed 2d 325; 89 SCt 347; 21 L Ed 325	United States Supreme Court	United States	19 Nov 1968	WorldLII	131
United States v United Shoe Machinery Corporation	391 US 244; 20 L Ed 2d 562; 88 SCt 1496	United States Supreme Court	United States	20 May 1968	WorldLII	75
Walker v City of Birmingham	388 US 307; 18 L Ed 2d 1210; 87 SCt 1824	United States Supreme Court	United States	12 Jun 1967	WorldLII	133
Bond v Floyd	385 US 116; 17 L Ed 2d 235; 87 SCt 339	United States Supreme Court	United States	5 Dec 1966	WorldLII	75
Gray v Sanders	372 US 368; 83 SCt 801; 9 L Ed 2d 821	United States Supreme Court	United States	18 Mar 1963	WorldLII	120
System Federation v Wright	364 US 642; 5 L Ed 2d 349; 81 SCt 368; [1961] Pearson 990	United States Supreme Court	United States	16 Jan 1961	WorldLII	159
Oil Workers Unions v Missouri	361 US 363; 4 L Ed 2d 373; 80 SCt 391; 4 L Ed 373	United States Supreme Court	United States	25 Jan 1960	WorldLII	60
United States v Munsingwear, Inc	340 US 36; 71 SCt 104; 95 L Ed 36; 96 L Ed 36; 95 L Ed 2d 36	United States Supreme Court	United States	13 Nov 1950	WorldLII	661
Hecht Co v Bowles	321 US 321; 88 L Ed 754; 64 SCt 587; 88 L Ed 2d 754	United States Supreme Court	United States	28 Feb 1944	WorldLII	340
Chrysler Corporation v United States	316 US 556; 86 L Ed 1668; 62 SCt 1146	United States Supreme Court	United States	1 Jun 1942	WorldLII	19
United States v Swift & Co	286 US 106; 76 L Ed 999; 52 SCt 460	United States Supreme Court	United States	2 May 1932	WorldLII	313
American Book Co v Kansas	193 US 49; 48 L Ed 613; 24 SCt 394	United States Supreme Court	United States	23 Feb 1904	WorldLII	19
Mills v Green	159 US 655; 159 US 651; 25 USApp 383; 69 FED 852; 40 L Ed 293; 30 LRA 90; 16 SCt 132; 69 F 852	United States Supreme Court	United States	25 Nov 1895	WorldLII	200
Fulenwider v Firefighters Assn Local Union	(1784) 649 SW 2d 268	US		circa 1784		1
EEOC v American Tel & Tel Co	556 F2d 167		United States		Westlaw	27
Ernesto Zaragoza Y v United States	462 US 1105; 103 SCt 2451; 77 L Ed 2d 1332	United States Supreme Court	United States		Westlaw	54
sub nom St Louis v United States	452 US 938; 101 SCt 3079; 69 L Ed 2d 951	United States Supreme Court	United States		Westlaw	57
Alabama v Pugh	438 US 915; 98 SCt 3144; 57 L Ed 2d 1160	United States Supreme Court	United States		Westlaw	69
429 US 920; 97 SCt 314; 50 l Ed 2d 286	429 US 920; 97 SCt 314; 50 L Ed 2d 286	United States Supreme Court	United States		Westlaw	115
Barry v United States	421 US 910; 43 L Ed 2d 775; 95 SCt 1561; (1975) 423 FSupp 696	United States Supreme Court	United States		Westlaw	106
United States v ITT Continental Baking Co	420 US 223; 95 SCt 926; 43 L Ed 2d 148	United States Supreme Court	United States		Westlaw	187
Mischlich v United States	404 US 984; 92 SCt 447; 30 L Ed 2d 367; 30 L Ed 371	United States Supreme Court	United States		Westlaw	100
Lloyds London v Alcoa Steamship Co	404 US 854; 30 L Ed 2d 95; 92 SCt 98	United States Supreme Court	United States		Westlaw	86
400 US 943	400 US 943; 91 SCt 245	United States Supreme Court	United States		Westlaw	60
cert denied	397 US 919; 90 SCt 926; 25 L Ed 2d 100; 25 L Ed 100	United States Supreme Court	United States		Westlaw	74
"Mootness on Appeal to the Supreme Court,"	83 Harvard Law Review 1672	Harvard Law Review	United States		HeinOnline / LexisNexis	25
"Standard of Causation in the Mixed-Motive Title VII Action: A Social Policy Perspective, The"	82 Columbia Law Review 292	Columbia Law Review	United States		HeinOnline / LexisNexis	11
"Reflections on the Legal Nature and Enforceability of Seniority Rights"	75 Harvard Law Review 1532	Harvard Law Review	United States		HeinOnline / LexisNexis	14
62 SCt 1149; 86 l Ed 1668	62 SCt 1149; 86 L Ed 1668	United States Supreme Court	United States		Westlaw	1

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