(New York, 10/12/1976)
ENTRY INTO FORCE : 06-Oct-82
Depositary: N/A
Parties | Date of Signature | Date of ratification / Other | Entry Into Force | Domestication Legislation (where available) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Papua New Guinea |   | 28 October 1980 a |   |   |
Solomon Islands |   | 19 Jun 1981 d |   |   |
Afghanistan |   | 22 October 1985 a |   |   |
Algeria |   | 19 Dec 1991 a |   |   |
Antigua and Barbuda |   | 25 October 1988 d |   |   |
Argentina (3) |   | 20 Mar 1987 a |   |   |
Armenia |   | 15 May 2002 a |   |   |
Associated States (Antigua, Dominica, St. Kitts Nevis-Anguilla, St. Lucia and St. Vincent), Territories under the territorial sovereignty of the United Kingdom, the Solomon Islands, State of Brunei, United Kingdom Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia in the island of Cyprus |   |   |   |   |
Australia | 31 May 1978 | 7 Sep 1984 |   |   |
Austria [#] |   | 17 Jan 1990 a |   |   |
Bangladesh |   | 3 October 1979 a |   |   |
Belarus | 18 May 1977 | 7 Jun 1978 |   |   |
Belgium | 18 May 1977 | 12 July 1982 |   |   |
Benin | 10 Jun 1977 | 30 Jun 1986 |   |   |
Bolivia | 18 May 1977 |   |   |   |
Brazil | 9 November 1977 | 12 October 1984 |   |   |
Bulgaria | 18 May 1977 | 31 May 1978 |   |   |
Canada | 18 May 1977 | 11 Jun 1981 |   |   |
Cape Verde |   | 3 October 1979 a |   |   |
Chile |   | 26 April 1994 a |   |   |
Cook Islands (1) |   | 7 September 1984 |   |   |
Costa Rica |   | 7 February 1996 a |   |   |
Cuba | 23 Sep 1977 | 10 April 1978 |   |   |
Cyprus | 7 October 1977 | 12 April 1978 |   |   |
Czech Republic |   | 22 February 1993 d |   |   |
Democratic People's Republic of Korea |   | 8 November 1984 a |   |   |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 28 February 1978 |   |   |   |
Denmark | 18 May 1977 | 19 April 1978 |   |   |
Dominica |   | 9 November 1992 d |   |   |
Egypt |   | 1 April 1982 a |   |   |
Ethiopia | 18 May 1977 |   |   |   |
Finland | 18 May 1977 | 12 May 1978 |   |   |
Germany [#] | 18 May 1977 | 24 May 1983 |   |   |
Ghana | 21 Mar 1978 | 22 Jun 1978 |   |   |
Greece |   | 23 August 1983 a |   |   |
Guatemala [#] |   | 21 Mar 1988 a |   |   |
Holy See | 27 May 1977 |   |   |   |
Hungary | 18 May 1977 | 19 April 1978 |   |   |
Iceland | 18 May 1977 |   |   |   |
India | 15 Dec 1977 | 15 Dec 1978 |   |   |
Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 18 May 1977 |   |   |   |
Iraq | 15 August 1977 |   |   |   |
Ireland | 18 May 1977 | 16 Dec 1982 |   |   |
Italy | 18 May 1977 | 27 November 1981 |   |   |
Japan |   | 9 Jun 1982 a |   |   |
Kuwait |   | 2 Jan 1980 a |   |   |
Lao People's Democratic Republic | 13 April 1978 | 5 October 1978 |   |   |
Lebanon | 18 May 1977 |   |   |   |
Liberia | 18 May 1977 |   |   |   |
Lithuania |   | 16 April 2002 a |   |   |
Luxembourg | 18 May 1977 |   |   |   |
Malawi |   | 5 October 1978 a |   |   |
Mauritius |   | 9 Dec 1992 a |   |   |
Mongolia | 18 May 1977 | 19 May 1978 |   |   |
Morocco | 18 May 1977 |   |   |   |
Netherlands [#] | 18 May 1977 | 15 April 1983 |   |   |
New Zealand (1) |   | 7 Sep 1984 a |   |   |
Nicaragua | 11 August 1977 |   |   |   |
Niger |   | 17 February 1993 a |   |   |
Niue (1) |   | 7 September 1984 |   |   |
Norway | 18 May 1977 | 15 February 1979 |   |   |
Pakistan |   | 27 February 1986 a |   |   |
Panama |   | 13 May 2003 a |   |   |
Poland | 18 May 1977 | 8 Jun 1978 |   |   |
Portugal | 18 May 1977 |   |   |   |
Republic of Korea [#] |   | 2 Dec 1986 a |   |   |
Romania | 18 May 1977 | 6 May 1983 |   |   |
Russian Federation | 18 May 1977 | 30 May 1978 |   |   |
Saint Lucia |   | 27 May 1993 d |   |   |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |   | 27 April 1999 d |   |   |
Sao Tome and Principe |   | 5 October 1979 a |   |   |
Sierra Leone | 12 April 1978 |   |   |   |
Slovakia |   | 28 May 1993 d |   |   |
Spain | 18 May 1977 | 19 July 1978 |   |   |
Sri Lanka | 8 Jun 1977 | 25 April 1978 |   |   |
Sweden |   | 27 April 1984 a |   |   |
Switzerland [#] |   | 5 August 1988 a |   |   |
Syrian Arab Republic | 4 August 1977 |   |   |   |
Tajikistan |   | 12 October 1999 a |   |   |
Territories | 16 May 1978 |   |   |   |
Tunisia | 11 May 1978 | 11 May 1978 |   |   |
Turkey [#] | 18 May 1977 |   |   |   |
Uganda | 18 May 197 |   |   |   |
Ukraine | 18 May 197 | 13 Jun 1978 |   |   |
United Kingdom (Territorial Application) | Date of receipt of notification |   |   |   |
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 18 May 197 | 16 May 1978 |   |   |
United States of America | 18 May 1977 | 17 Jan 1980 |   |   |
Uruguay |   | 16 Sep 1993 a |   |   |
Uzbekistan |   | 26 May 1993 a |   |   |
Viet Nam |   | 26 August 1980 a |   |   |
Yemen 2 | 18 May 1977 | 20 July 1977 |   |   |
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(Unless otherwise indicated, the declarations and reservations were made upon ratification, accession or succession.)
Argentina
The Argentine Republic interprets the terms "widespread, long-lasting or severe effects" in article I, paragraph 1, of the Convention in accordance with the definitions agreed upon in the understanding on that article. It likewise interprets articles II, III and VIII in accordance with the relevant understandings
Reservation
Considering the obligations resulting from its status as a permanently neutral state, the Republic of Austria declares a reservation to the effect that its co-operation within the frame work of this Convention cannot exceed the limits determined by the Status of permanent neutrality and membership with the United Nations.
Upon signature
With the proviso that the correct designation of the Federal Republic of Germany in the Russian language is `Federativnuju Respubliku Germaniju'.
16 June 1977
The correct designation of the Federal Republic of Germany in the Russian language following the preposition `sa' in the Russian text was spelled out in the afore-mentioned proviso as `Federativnuju Respubliku Germaniju'.
Reservation
Guatemala accepts the text of article III, on condition that the use of environmental modification techniques for peaceful purposes does not adversely affect its territory or the use of its natural resources
Kuwait (5)
Reservation
This Convention binds the State of Kuwait only towards States Parties thereto. Its obligatory character shall ipso facto terminate with respect to any hostile state which does not abide by the prohibition contained therein
Understanding
It is understood that accession to the Convention on the Prohibition of Military or any other hostile use of Environmental Modification Techniques, done in Geneva , 1977, does not mean in any way recognition of Israel by the State of Kuwait. Furthermore, no treaty relation will arise between the State of Kuwait and Israel .
Declaration
The Kingdom of the Netherlands accepts the obligations laid down in article 1 of the said Convention as extending to states which are not a party to the Convention and which act in conformity with article 1 of the Convention.
New Zealand
The Government of New Zealand hereby declares its interpretation that nothing in the Convention detracts from or limits the obligations of States to refrain from military or any other hostile use of environmental modification techniques which are contrary to international law
It is the understanding of the Government of the Republic of Korea that any technique for deliberately changing the natural state of rivers falls within the meaning of the term 'environmental modification techniques' as defined in article II of the Convention
It is further understood that military or any other hostile use of such techniques, which could cause flooding, inundation, reduction in the water-level, drying up, destruction of hydrotechnical installations or other harmful consequences, comes within the scope of the Convention, provided it meets the criteria set out in article I therefore.
Because of the obligation incumbent upon it by virtue of its status of perpetual neutrality, Switzerland must make a general reservation specifying that its co-operation in the framework of this Convention cannot go beyond the limits imposed by this status. This reservation refers, in particular, to article V, paragraph 5, of the Convention, and to any similar clause which may replace or supplement this provision in the Convention (or in any other arrangement)
Upon signature
Interpretative statement
In the opinion of the Turkish Government the terms 'wide- spread', 'long lasting' and 'severe effects' contained in the Con- vention need to be clearly defined. So long as this clarification is not made the Government of Turkey will be compelled to in- terpret itself the terms in question and consequently it reserves the right to do so as and when required
Furthermore, the Government of Turkey believes that the difference between `military or any other hostile purposes' and `peaceful purposes' should be more clearly defined so as to pre- vent subjective evaluations.
Notes
1. Territorial application to Cook Islands and Niue by virtue of New Zealand's accession
2. Democratic Yemen had acceded to the Convention on 12 June 1979
3. The Government of Argentina has specified that the understand- ings referred to in the declaration are the Understandings adopted as part of the report of the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament to the General Assembly at its thirty-first session, published under the symbol A/31/27. [Report of the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament to the General Assembly (Volume I, Annex I)
4. On 23 June 1980, the Secretary-General received from the Government of Israel the following communication concerning the above-mentioned understanding
5. "The Government of Israel has noted the political character of the statement made by the Government of Kuwait . In the view of the Government of Israel , this Convention is not the proper place for making such political pronouncements. Moreover, the said declaration cannot in any way affect whatever obligations are binding upon Kuwait , under general international law or under particular conventions. Insofar as concerns the substance of the matter, the Government of Israel will adopt towards the Government of Kuwait an attitude of complete reciprocity.
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